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18,068 papers

#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

CopRoute: Dependence-Aware Conformal Routing for Language Models

It is shown that CopRoute's ordering attains, on the design data, the best guarantee any efficient fixed-ordering algorithm can give for the average number of calls to the first correct model, and that a separate calibration step certifies the all-miss risk of the deployed sets.

Siva Rajesh Kasa, Santhosh Kumar Kasa, Karan Gupta · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Data-Adaptive Mahalanobis Metric Learning for Cross-Head Attention in Transformers

In this paper, we propose Data-Adaptive Mahalanobis Cross-Head Attention (DAMCHA), a simple and effective attention mechanism that generalizes Multi-Head Attention (MHA) through the lens of metric learning. Standard MHA implicitly learns a static, head-wise Euclidean similarity corresponding to the diagonal blocks of a...

Zhen-Ke Duan, Xin Li, Ji-Qun Pan et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Neural Surrogate Modeling of Ultrasonic Wave Propagation in Heterogeneous Media

Neural surrogates provide computationally efficient auto-regressive modeling of wave propagation, enabling e.g. fast inverse solutions. Despite recent progress, the current surrogates are not yet sufficient for the needs of ultrasonic sensing, characterized by high frequency and heterogeneous propagation media. We show...

Burla Nur Korkmaz, Petro Moilanen, Ari Salmi et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

CAST: Credit Alignment for Cross-Tokenizer On-Policy Distillation

Cross-tokenizer on-policy distillation (OPD) requires aligning teacher and student sequences before their scores can be compared. Decoded-text alignment provides such correspondence at the chunk level, but leaves a distinct problem unresolved: credit alignment. A chunk-level signal specifies how much a span should chan...

Jing-Ru Yang, Jin-Hang Wu, Min-Jing Shi et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

State-OPD: State-Grounded On-Policy Distillation for Multi-Turn Agents

On-Policy Distillation (OPD) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for transferring reasoning capabilities from frontier models to smaller models, while extending its success to multi-turn agentic environments remains challenging. We study agentic OPD through interaction states, distinguishing the objective task and execu...

Zhen-Tao Zhang, Yan-Zhao Zheng, Yan-Lin Liu et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Learning Schwarzschild Geodesic Motion with Lagrangian Neural Networks

Lagrangian Neural Networks (LNNs) learn dynamics from trajectory data by parameterizing a scalar Lagrangian and deriving accelerations through the Euler--Lagrange equation, providing a variational inductive bias that improves physical consistency over purely data-driven models. LNNs have recently been extended to gener...

Sukru Caglar, S. Kalabalik, Abdullah Umut Hamzaogullari et al. · 1 citation
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Tensor-based Fusion of Multi-modal Data for Predicting Cancer Risk Levels

Cancer diagnosis and treatment increasingly rely on multi-modal diagnostic technologies that generate high-dimensional datasets. Although these datasets are rich in pathological information, they pose considerable challenges in interpretation, dimensionality reduction, and clinical applicability. Conventional machine l...

Ali Anaissi, Yuan-Zhe Jia, Qi-Shun Peng et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Monarch-MoE: Structured Experts for Multimodal Continual Instruction Tuning

Learning new tasks in multimodal continual instruction tuning can cause catastrophic forgetting of previously acquired knowledge. Although multi-expert LoRA distributes learning across experts, updates to a dense low-rank expert can still affect many output features. We introduce Monarch-MoE, which replaces the dense f...

Xi Zhang, Bo-Yu Diao, Ze-Sen Chen et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

How Much Computation Does Every Forecast Need? Structured Block Skipping in Two Time-Series Foundation Models

Across both models, different equal-budget masks win on different windows, and a retrospective oracle significantly improves over the best static mask on every dataset, however, dataset-specific masks transfer inconsistently, and Chronos representations do not support reliable unseen-domain routing.

Max Bourgeat · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Rethinking Relative Policy Differences Transfer of On-Policy Distillation

A unified view is developed in which the log-probability ratio between a proxy expert and a proxy reference defines an implicit reward for KL-regularized policy optimization, which enables any-to-any transfer across models that differ in scale, training stage or generation.

Rong Wu, Dao-Cheng Fu, Yu Yang et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

S$^3$R: Fast and Faithful RL Rollouts via Self-Sparse Speculative Decoding

Fast rollout generation for long-context reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) requires reducing KV-cache traffic without changing the response groups used for policy optimization. In our profiled RLVR workloads, attention accounts for 72--76\% of autoregressive decoding kernel time. Sparse attention re...

Yuhang He, Hongyu Ge, Zihan Lin et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Conference Open access Sep 2026

WaSA: Wavelet Scattering Autoencoders for Unsupervised Offline Detection of Malicious Clients in Federated Learning

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training without exposing raw data, yet remains vulnerable to malicious clients injecting poisoned datasets. Existing defenses are typically reactive (operating during training) or supervised (requiring prior knowledge of attack types)—assumptions that rarely hold in...

Alessandro Licciardi · 0 citations

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Microsoft Research Blog Nov 3, 2026

Learn the rules: The hacker mindset

Research Manager Mike Walker reflects on a career spanning hacker culture, cybersecurity, and AI, sharing lessons about trust, teamwork, leadership, and why solving difficult problems requires curiosity, judgment, agility—and an understanding of the rules. The post Learn the rules: The hacker mindset appeared first on Microsoft Research.

Google DeepMind Blog Nov 3, 2026

Agentic cheminformatics with Google Antigravity

Learn how Google Antigravity and our Cheminformatics Skills accelerate drug discovery workflows, search compounds, and propose novel rigidified macrocycles.

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