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natural language processing

9,261 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Benchmarks Are Not Atomic: Composition-Aware LLM Evaluation using BenchHub

LLM benchmarks are often treated as coherent measurement units, yet they are heterogeneous collections of instances spanning diverse domains, skills, formats, and contexts. As a result, aggregate benchmark scores can conflate model capability with benchmark composition, obscuring what existing benchmarks actually cover...

Eunsu Kim, Haneul Yoo, Guijin Son et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Open access May 2025

Localizing Persona Representations in LLMs

It is found that, across multiple pre-trained decoder-only LLMs, the analyzed personas show large differences in representation space only within the final third of the decoder layers.

C. Cintas, M. Rateike, Erik Miehling et al. · 3 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Horizon Scans can be accelerated using novel information retrieval and artificial intelligence tools

Introduction: Horizon scanning in healthcare assesses early signals of innovation, crucial for timely adoption. Current horizon scanning faces challenges in efficient information retrieval and analysis, especially in grey literature, presenting a need for innovative tools. Methodology: This article introduces SCANAR...

Lena Schmidt, Oshin Sharma, Chris Marshall et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Toxicity Is a Property of Communicative Events: A Contextual Stress Measurement Framework for NLP

Toxicity detection has become core safety infrastructure for online moderation, dataset filtering, and deployed language-model systems. Yet most detectors still treat toxicity as an intrinsic property of isolated text. This position paper argues that toxicity detection should be evaluated as the contextual measurement...

Sergei Berezin, Reza Farahbakhsh, Noel Crespi · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

VQEL: Enabling Self-Play in Emergent Language Games via Agent-Internal Vector Quantization

Emergent Language (EL) focuses on the emergence of communication among artificial agents. Although symbolic communication channels more closely mirror the discrete nature of human language, learning such protocols remains fundamentally difficult due to the non-differentiability of symbol sampling. Existing approaches t...

Mohammad Mahdi Samiei Paqaleh, Mehdi Jamalkhah, Mahdieh Soleymani Baghshah · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Natural Language Generation from Visual Events: State-of-the-Art and Key Open Questions

In recent years, a substantial body of work in visually grounded natural language processing has focused on real-life multimodal scenarios such as describing content depicted in images or videos. However, comparatively less attention has been devoted to studying the nature and degree of interaction between the differen...

Aditya K Surikuchi, Raquel Fern\'andez, Sandro Pezzelle · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Review Feb 2025

Open Foundation Models in Healthcare: Challenges, Paradoxes, and Opportunities with GenAI Driven Personalized Prescription

A comprehensive survey and a taxonomy of state-of-the-art open LLMs and AIFMs for clinical tasks and a subjective evaluation of LLM-driven personalized prescriptions are provided, highlighting the importance of responsible and transparent deployment in healthcare contexts.

Mahdi Alkaeed, Sofiat Abioye, Adnan Qayyum et al. · 7 citations · ⚡1
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Polyrating: A Cost-Effective and Bias-Aware Rating System for LLM Evaluation

Rating-based human evaluation has become an essential tool to accurately evaluate the impressive performance of large language models (LLMs). However, current rating systems suffer from several important limitations: first, they fail to account for biases that significantly influence evaluation results, second, they re...

Jasper Dekoninck, Maximilian Baader, Martin Vechev · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Prediction Is All MoE Needs: Expert Load Distribution Goes from Fluctuating to Stabilizing

MoE facilitates the development of large models by making the computational complexity of the model no longer scale linearly with increasing parameters. The learning sparse gating network selects a set of experts for each token to be processed; however, this may lead to differences in the number of tokens processed by...

Peizhuang Cong, Aomufei Yuan, Shimao Chen et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Tracing Agentic Failure from the Flow of Success

Failure attribution for LLM-based agentic systems, i.e., identifying which steps in a failure trajectory caused the task to fail, is critical for debugging and improving these systems. Existing approaches either rely on prompting-based pipelines, which are computationally expensive, or require post-training on failure...

Samuel Yeh, Yiwen Zhu, Shaleen Deep et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

MedEvoEval: Evaluating Continual Evolution of Doctor Agents through Simulated Clinical Episodes

Doctor agents are moving beyond single-turn answer generation toward evolving clinical decision systems that acquire evidence within episodes and reuse experience across episodes. Fixed-input medical QA and many interactive benchmarks provide limited support for evaluating how episode-level decisions interact with cros...

Hui Zhang · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Plans Fade Fast: Why Context Management Is Load-Bearing for LLM Agents

Context managers summarize or evict old messages so agents can operate beyond a finite window. This creates a reliability problem: removing history that still shapes the model's computation may change later actions, while retaining everything defeats compression. We study plans because agents create them early and are...

Aman Mehta, Anupam Datta · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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