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natural language processing

9,261 papers

#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Conversational Voice Aesthetic Model with Reinforcement Learning from Human Listeners

We introduce Conversational Voice Aesthetic Model, a speech large language model for describing the voice aesthetics of real or synthetic speech responses in natural conversational contexts. Given a context and a response speech, CVAM describes salient moments that characterize the voice and predicts nine categorical a...

Xi-Lin Jiang, Shun Zhang, T. Jayashankar et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Long Text to Predictive Features: LLM-Guided Blockwise Feature Engineering via Executable Program Search

Industrial risk-control systems typically rely on structured-data models for efficient prediction, yet substantial valuable information remains embedded in unstructured long text. Extracting this information through manual feature engineering is labor-intensive, while requiring a large language model (LLM) to process e...

Ziming Dai, Dabiao Ma, Ziheng Guo et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

SparseDecoding: Decoding-Aware Pruning for Accurate and Efficient LLM Inference

The memory-bound nature of the decoding stage of large language model (LLM) inference incurs significant latency. Layer-wise training-free network pruning approaches guided by the Hessian have been a prominent solution to this problem, as pruning reduces the number of nonzero parameters read from memory during decoding...

Qi-Tong Wang, Xin-Wei Niu, Min Su et al. · 1 citation
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

When KL Regularization Misfires in Group Policy Optimization

Why does removing reference-policy KL regularization sometimes improve group policy optimization? This motivates studying how reference-policy information should enter group-relative updates. We analyze seven potential failure modes in the interactions between KL and rewards: residual KL updates after reward clipping,...

Fei Ding · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

4-Tensor Attention Model for Semantic Physical Reality

We describe a 4-tensor attention model that predicts the next semantic state of a scene, for video generation and robot planning. A window of states has positions (x, t) and two fibers, a semantic fiber and a temporal-context fiber, and one softmax normalizes attention jointly over the window. Frames and an agent's sit...

Jongwook Kim, Sangheon Yun · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

From a Prompt to Repertoires: Evolving Functional REpertoires Enable LLM Continual Learning

Continual learning remains challenging for large language models, which must enable models to acquire new skills and knowledge without degrading existing capabilities. Existing approaches typically address this challenge by carefully designing how model parameters are updated. In contrast, prompt optimization avoids co...

Fengyuan Liu, Yue Wang, Hang-Xi Guo et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Why On-Policy Distillation Sometimes Fails: Vanishing Learning Signals

A local recovery guarantee for teachers sufficiently close to the initial student in a shared parameterization under regularity conditions is proved, offering a conditional explanation for the success of self-RL teachers in the authors' experiments.

Lei Zhao, Qi-Chao Zhao, Bo-Wen Zuo et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Read What Matters: Query-Adaptive Quantization for KV Caches

KV-cache entries are stored before their future queries are known, but each decoding query needs precision in different places. We study this mismatch using separate budgets for retained bits and bits fetched per query. ReadKV stores each key and value in a progressive code whose prefixes support different reconstructi...

Siddharth Bhandari, Lucas Gretta, K. Balasubramanian et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

The Lattice of Transition Laws

Diffusion and autoregression (AR) have long been seen as different categories of generative models, with diffusion specialising in continuous fields and AR specialising in discrete tokens. Recent work seeks to combine the advantages of the two models, and each hybrid fixes its decoding schedule by design. In this paper...

Tin-Yan Tsui, Jia-Tao Gu, Ling-Jie Liu · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Bridging KV-Cache Quantization and Linear Attention: From Theory to Pretrained Weight Migration

KV-cache quantization and linear attention are two representative approaches to tackling the storage and computational costs of Transformers. KV-cache quantization compresses individual KV entries into discrete codes but retains all entries, whereas linear attention recurrently aggregates multiple historical KV contrib...

Kai-Cheng Xiao, Li-Ran Dong, Hao-Tian Li et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Do LLMs Learn from Rewards in Context? : Rethinking the role of reward in In-Context RL

LLM agents increasingly improve at inference time by accumulating experience in context rather than by updating parameters. This process is often described as in-context reinforcement learning (ICRL). Whether in-context learning (ICL) can actually play the role of RL, however, has not been tested. We study this questio...

Minchan Kwon, Seunghee Koh, Sunghyun Baek et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Measuring and Mitigating Solution Mode Collapse in RLVR

A language model (LM) can usually answer the same question in more than one way, but reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) is indifferent to which correct answer a model produces. A solution will earn the same reward whether it is the thousandth copy of a familiar answer or one the model has never produ...

Liv G. d'Aliberti, Marwa Abdulhai, Sofiia Druchyna et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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