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natural language processing

9,568 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

GeoGR: Spatial-Semantic Token Compression and Group Routing for Efficient 3D VLMs

Multi-view representations enable pretrained image and video vision-language models to understand 3D scenes, but their long visual token sequences make inference costly. Redundancy arises both from repeated observations of the same scene regions across views and from processing all visual tokens at every LLM layer, reg...

Yong-Xing Zheng, Hao Wu, Fang Li et al. · 2 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

What Should SFT Learn? Conditional Information Gain for Generalizable Post-Training

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) remains a widely used approach for post-training large language models, because fixed demonstrations can directly introduce desired reasoning strategies and behavioral patterns. Yet forcing a model to imitate externally provided trajectories may also interfere with behaviors already support...

Yuxuan Gu, Ke-Quan Niu, Xiao-Cheng Feng et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Surfing the Activation Wave: Analyzing the Information and Geometry of LLM Hidden States for Speculative Decoding

Decoder hidden states from different layers of large language models (LLMs) often encode complementary information. However, existing speculative decoding methods typically rely on a small set of target-model layers chosen using fixed, position-based heuristics. Selecting an optimal subset of layers is inherently a com...

Raghavv Goel, Sudhanshu Agrawal, Mukul Gagrani et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

COFFEQA: Counterfactual-Guided Few-Shot Distillation for LLM Question Answering

Knowledge distillation aims to train a smaller student model to mimic a larger teacher model for resource-constrained environments. However, the process of distillation is typically data-intensive and computationally expensive, particularly for generative tasks. Few-shot distillation offers an alternative by transferri...

Kavinda Kehelella, Sanghamitra Dutta · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Meta-Reflective Evolution Effectively Improves Production AI Systems

Large Language Model (LLM)-guided evolutionary optimization has successfully improved prompts, programs, and even entire AI systems. Most optimization methods select a candidate from the search frontier, then mutate it in one LLM pass based only on its failures. This focus on the frontier can stall on production AI sys...

Seunghyun Yoo, Chang Zeng, Aditi Somayajula et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Open access Oct 2026

REDaCT: Collapse-Free Unlearning in Large Reasoning Models

Unlearning in large reasoning models (LRMs) requires removing forget-set information from both the reasoning trace and the final answer. Existing approaches achieve this objective at the cost of reasoning collapse, where the model fails to produce a coherent chain-of-thought (CoT) and does not properly terminate its re...

Joshua Maccoby, Wendy Hui Wang · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Unsupervised Multimodal Reward Modeling

Vision-language reward models are trained on annotated preference pairs, which are expensive to collect, can disagree, and are ranked by benchmark accuracy. We build one with no human preference label: a linear head on an intermediate layer of a frozen Qwen3-VL backbone, trained to score a web caption above a perturbed...

Yue-Ying Li, Jing-Xuan Fan, Kianté Brantley et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

GeoFitBench-LLM: A Benchmark for Assessing Large Language Models'Capabilities in Geospatial Data Requirements Elicitation for Geo-Analytic Tasks

Large language models are becoming central to GeoAI systems, yet their evaluation rarely considers the elicitation of geospatial data requirements. This omission is critical as retrieval oriented geo-analytic tasks cannot be supported reliably without first identifying the necessary datasets and constraints. GeoFitBenc...

Amirhossein Vahdat, Thierry Badard, Luc Lamontagne · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Recurrent Harness for Agentic Continual Learning

Language model agents increasingly operate over long interaction streams, requiring online adaptation to distribution shifts through continual learning. However, existing agent harnesses typically either evolve their states only through forward information flow or rely on additional replay or validation data for harnes...

Yu-Xin Xiao, Zhi-Yun Lu, Jian-Yu Wang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Cancerous Backdoor Attack: Gradual Activation via Invisible Tokens and A Stage Controller

Backdoor Attacks on Large Language Models (LLMs) typically follow a trigger-response pattern, where satisfying a trigger condition activates a single terminal behavior. However, this single-point backdoor activation does not explore attacks in which malicious behavior develops gradually through multiple intermediate st...

Tahmid Imtiaz Imu, Emama Nahid, Prodipta Sen Amartya et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Self-Preservation in Language Models

Continual learning (CL) seeks to adapt pretrained models while preserving prior capabilities. Yet the tasks supplied for preservation cover only part of what a model knows, while forgetting can extend beyond them. Recent work shows that language models can supplement this limited evidence by generating useful replay wi...

Dongkyu Cho, R. Chunara, Ali Behrouz · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

AutoIndexer: Flexible-Order Decoding by Training Causal Models on Chains of Edits

Autoregressive decoding is less suited to non-causally ordered data, e.g., cross-references or future dependencies, since their outputs cannot be revised post hoc, unlike iterative human reasoning. Diffusion LLMs partially mitigate this limitation but still cannot flexibly insert or remove arbitrary numbers of tokens f...

Shu Ishida, Aliasghar Khani, Tianyu Zhang et al. · 0 citations

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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