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natural language processing

9,568 papers

#natural language process... Preprint Oct 2026

Small Agents with Semantic Search: Efficient Multilingual Code Localization

Locating relevant files from natural-language requests is a core subtask for agents operating over code repositories. We investigate whether this task can be delegated to compact, specialized models to enable on-device search while reducing the token usage, latency, and inference cost of larger agents. We show that sem...

Maxence Lasbordes, Aarush Sinha, Raphaël Sourty et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Oct 2026

How Much Do LLM-as-a-Judge Design Choices Matter? A Systematic Comparison of Prompt Designs, Rating Scales, and Models

Researchers increasingly use Large Language Models as judges (LLM-as-a-judge) to evaluate model outputs. Yet there are no standards for how to design these judges. Typically, researchers choose the prompt, rating scale, and model intuitively. If these choices change the judge's verdicts, two studies can reach different...

Laurène Vaugrante, Thilo Hagendorff · 1 citation
#natural language process... Preprint Oct 2026

Towards cross-cultural study of folksong lyrics with machine translation

These experiments are just first steps into cross-cultural folk musics lyrics analysis; however, they do indicate that a previously unobserved web of cross-cultural relationships beyond ethnomusicological typologies may be uncovered through the study of what people sing across the world's diverse folk musics.

A. Dvořáková, Anna Aljanaki, Danbinaerin Han et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Usage-Modulated Sentiment Representations in Large Language Models

Prior work suggests that sentiment can often be captured by approximately linear directions in LLM activation spaces, but a single direction may not fully capture sentiment representations. In natural communication, sentiment is shaped not only by polarity but also by usage factors, such as tone and audience adaptation...

Hongfei Du, Jiacheng Shi, Yanfu Zhang et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Causal Improvement Graph for Agentic Harness Optimization

Agentic Harness is the runtime that constructs task context and controls execution flow, thereby shaping overall agent performance. Given a fixed model and external evaluation, automated Harness optimization seeks to improve this runtime through an iterative proposal--evaluation loop to better solve target tasks. Exist...

Junjie Zhang, Shunyu Liu, Haoyu Wang et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

When LLMs Sit Above Diagnostic Tools: Unrealized Complementarity in Industrial Fault Diagnosis

Large language models are increasingly used as integration layers above specialized tools, but a stronger component does not necessarily produce a stronger combined system. Across five diagnostic datasets (bearing vibration, process monitoring, semiconductor equipment), we study whether an LLM can reliably use external...

Donghwan Kim · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Oct 2026

IREA: Intermediate Representation-based Embedding Alignment for Normative RAG

Large language models (LLMs) have shown strong performance across various tasks, but they still struggle with questions involving ethical judgment. Previous studies have attempted to train LLMs on ethical standards, but the diversity and relativity of ethical norms make them difficult to fully internalize in model para...

Mirae Han, Sihyeong Yeom, Harksoo Kim · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Oct 2026

TrajLong: Co-Designing Agentic and Long-Context Supervision for Mid-Training

This work introduces TrajLong, a novel framework that compiles trajectories into long-context training tasks with dense supervision, targeting three representative atomic capabilities: evidence grounding, cross-evidence aggregation, and temporal state maintenance, and investigates the relationship between long-context...

Miao Peng, Qin-Tong Zhang, Nuo Chen et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Building LLM Agent Systems the Deep Learning Way: From Modular Design to Architecture Search

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized AI research and enabled exciting agent systems. To build a complex LLM agent system, most existing research relies on insights from other domains or heuristics to manually build the agent system. However, this approach often requires heavy hand-engineering and fails to f...

Tao Feng, Pengrui Han, Zhongjie Dai et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Oct 2026

From Overloaded to Guaranteed: High-Throughput Multi-SLO Enforcement for LoRA-Assisted On-Premise LLM Deployment

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become essential in privacy-sensitive sectors like hospitals and government agencies, the on-premise LLM servers offer a cost-effective and secure alternative to public cloud services. However, these resource-constrained servers struggle to guarantee heterogeneous Service Level Objective...

Ze-Shen Zhang, Han Zhao, Wei-Hao Cui et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Rewrite What Matters: Adaptive Multilingual Query Rewriting for Reasoning via Agentic Reinforcement Learning

In multilingual scenarios, queries with equivalent semantics but in different languages could guide the model into different reasoning trajectories, leading to performance disparities. To mitigate this gap, previous studies typically apply a one-size-fits-all query rewriting strategy, such as translation, which overloo...

Rui Qi, Yufeng Chen, Yunlong Liang et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Oct 2026

No Hindsight for LLM Fact-Checkers: Measuring Leakage Channels in Misinformation Detection

As automated fact-checking scales on social media, large language model (LLM) verdict scores can look stronger than warranted. One reason is that evaluations mix in information that was not knowable at claim time. Two channels are easy to conflate: outcomes memorized in pre-training and retrieved evidence published aft...

Kuan-Hua-Wu Lu, Y. Setiawan · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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