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natural language processing

9,568 papers

#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

SepRQ : Self-Supervised Speech Mixture Representation Learning via Mask-Free, Multi-Scale Source Separation

Self-supervised learning (SSL) is standard for speech representation learning, but mainstream models are designed around single-speaker audio, limiting their usefulness in multi-speakers scenarios. We present SepRQ, an open-source SSL framework that replaces masked prediction with a pseudo-source-separation objective o...

Séverin Baroudi, Hervé Bredin, R. Marxer · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

SIFT: Robust Meta-Faithfulness Verification of Chain-of-Thought Reasoning Under Distribution Shift

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) faithfulness detectors are widely used to audit reasoning models, yet a detector is itself a predictor whose verdicts are treated as stable properties. We ask whether a detector is faithful to itself under distribution shift. We formalize meta-faithfulness as an invariance principle: a valid dete...

Noor Islam S. Mohammad, Md. Basim Al Zabir Shammo, Hasan Siddiki et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Homogeneous Semantic Alignment and Hierarchical Expert Routing for Radiology Report Generation

Radiology report generation (RRG) aims to convert medical images into diagnostic texts to assist in clinical decision-making and alleviate the workload of physicians. Although existing methods have made extensive progress in cross-modal interaction and the incorporation of external priors, the distribution shift of und...

Er-Jian Zhang, Jia-Yuan Ma, Lie-Jun Wang et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

DV-Lens: Revealing the Functional Organization of Language Model Parameters

Understanding parameter functions helps elucidate the internal mechanisms of large language models (LLMs). However, how to connect parameters from different modules to verifiable output effects and further characterize the relationship between their functional organization and model capability remains to be explored. T...

Chenhang Cui, Jian Yu, Shuyi Miao et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Saying, Not Knowing: Aggressively GGUF-Quantized Small Language Models Still Write Rare Words They Can No Longer Define

Post-training quantization to the GGUF format's mixed-precision K-quants is commonly how open-weight language models reach consumer hardware, yet its effect on fine-grained lexical competence is uncharacterized. We audit 27 quantized artifacts across 13 families and four architecture backbones, 0.35B-14B parameters, ev...

Saurabh K. Singh, Yogeshwar Singh Dadwhal, Malhar Vedak · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Conformal Prediction with Paraphrase-Aware Scoring for LLM Uncertainty Quantification

Uncertainty quantification (UQ) for large language models (LLMs) aims to provide reliable measures of predictive confidence, yet current methods are often unstable under meaning-preserving perturbations. Semantically equivalent paraphrases can induce substantial variability in predictive confidence, even for methods wi...

Jiayi Xin, Evan Qiang, Zi-Han Zhu et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

What Gradients Add to Text Leakage in Split Language Models, Counted per Token and per Document

Split learning lets a client train a language model on a server without sending its text. The client runs the first layers itself and sends the server only their output, a vector of numbers for each token. During training, the server sends gradients back. We show that an observer at the split can rebuild most of the cl...

G. Politis, E. Pappas · 1 citation
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Representation-Aligned Auxiliary Supervision for Language Model Adaptation

Language models exhibit strong reasoning capabilities, yet adapting them to structured domains remains challenging and can yield inconsistent outcomes. We identify representation compatibility, the extent to which a model effectively processes a representation for a structured task, as a key factor in adaptation. We st...

Kyuyoung Kim, Pei-Yao Sheng, A. Hebbar et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Periscope: Extending Frozen Language Models Beyond Their Context Window

A language model reads long text in one quadratic forward pass, stops at the context window, and loses accuracy with length before reaching it. We ask whether the read can be factorized when deciding over a finite set: which document is relevant, which option is supported, which passage is the evidence. Periscope, a tr...

Mohamed Eltahir, Anas Obayd, Raed Rashid et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

OncoNoteBERT: A Foundation Representation Model for Natural Language Processing of Real-World Outpatient Oncology Notes

Real-world outpatient oncology notes contain specialised terminology, tumour staging expressions, treatment names, toxicity descriptions, and institution-specific de-identification markers that may not be represented efficiently by general biomedical or adjacent clinical language models. We developed and evaluated onco...

Wuraola Oyewusi, Eliana Vasquez Osorio, Goran Nenadic et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Review Oct 2026

Same Output, Different Gold: Measuring How Reference Choice Moves a Multilingual Benchmark Score

A benchmark score compares a system output against a reference, and methodological attention falls almost entirely on the first term. We measure the second. The retained annotation record of a six-language benchmark for personally identifiable information contains two independent annotator labellings, the aggregate shi...

Parth Kulshreshtha, Shivali Dalmia, Abhishek Mukherji · 0 citations

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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