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natural language processing

9,568 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Environment Steering: Using Data Flow Control to Improve Agent Utility and Safety

LLM agents can make unsafe tool calls even when instructed to behave safely. Existing defenses constrain agents before execution, modify tool inputs/outputs, or rely on LLM judges; these approaches may depend on model behavior or block unsafe actions without helping the agent recover. We argue that the execution enviro...

Charlie Summers, Prajwal Raghunath, Aaditya Pai et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

From Lexical Baselines to Agentic Retrieval-Augmented Generation: Structured Skill and Responsibility-Level Extraction with the SFIA Framework

This work formalizes the task as structured prediction of (skill, level) pairs from free text and asks three questions: how accurately can text be mapped onto SFIA's closed vocabulary, which strategies reliably predict the level alongside the skill, and do agentic designs improve on simpler retrieval and prompting?

Ranuga Disansa, U. Samarasinghe, Lasith Gunawardena · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Alignment Forecasting: Predicting Misalignment From Training Data

Training a language model on data with a narrow flaw can sometimes make the model broadly misaligned. Inspecting the data at face value often does not settle whether it will emerge, and today it is caught only after training, by auditing the resulting model. To complement post-hoc audits, we introduce Alignment Forecas...

Chen Yueh-Han, Bruce W. Lee, Ilia Sucholutsky et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Open access Sep 2026

Evaluating the Effects of Prompt Perturbation on Bias and Hallucination in Large Language Models

It is shown that contrary to previous studies, perturbations can mitigate bias and hallucination in some LLMs over other models, and it's found that Claude 3 is more effective for the tasks represented in most datasets, whereas models like GPT3.5 exhibit varying levels of adequacy.

Mamehgol Yousefi, Ahmad Shahi, Mos Sharifi et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Sep 2026

Sage: Formalization with Semantic Correction

While neural theorem provers have achieved impressive milestones in formal mathematics, they largely operate on the assumption that faithful Lean 4 formal statements are already provided. Translating informal natural language into a formal language is a critical data bottleneck plagued by an "illusion of rigor": standa...

Thomas Hirtz, Farzad Jafarrahmani, Abdelmouksit Sagueni et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Learning Meta-Skills for Agent Harness Design in Test-Time AI4AI

Across Harness-Bench and NewtonBench, full-bank meta-skills improve macro-average performance by 8.95 percentage points over no-skill construction, and 12.02 points over direct delivery of the same bank to the Target.

Cheng Qian, Kun-Lun Zhu, Bei-Bin Li et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

AdviSD: Learning to Advise Frontier LLMs via Targeted Multi-Turn Self-Distillation

The method, Advisor Self-Distillation (AdviSD), pairs outcome-based reinforcement learning with self-distillation from a feedback-conditioned copy of the advisor selectively, and beats matched-count random selection, supporting the value of its selection rule.

Rishabh Agrawal, He-Jie Cui, Sha-Sha Li et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

SelfSearch: Reward-Free Search for Self-Improving Agents

SelfSearch is introduced, a reward-free search procedure in which agents modify themselves using records of previous self-improvement episodes, providing concrete experience for improving both task solving and self-modification.

Jungwoo Yang, InJin Kong, Yohan Jo · 0 citations

Can a Cacheable Decision Model Follow Rules?

Certo is a small non-generative decision model (Qwen3-4B): it scores candidate actions from their text and returns a probability, instead of generating an answer, and how much rule-sensitivity survives that move, and whether it can be trained back.

D. Rajput, Nirdesh Chauhan, S.Rao Kosaraju · 1 citation
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Context Language Models

Context Language Models are introduced, language models that natively manage their own context and can be steered with natural-language instructions evolved through a standard skill-optimization loop, improving held-out accuracy by up to 35.9 points on a context-management task while reducing compute.

Ru-Lin Shao, Shannon Zejiang Shen, J. Yin et al. · 4 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

EngiWorld: What Can Frontier Agents Deliver in Professional Engineering Environments?

EngiWorld provides the first rigorous foundation for measuring progress toward agents that operate professional engineering software end to end, and introduces an artifact-centric evaluation methodology built on a unified domain-verifier suite.

Hong-Cheng Gao, Hai-Long Qu, Yu-Ang Lei et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Review Sep 2026

KUPAS MASTER: Distilling the Tacit Expertise of Master Practitioners into Agent-Ready Experience Corpora

KUPAS MASTER, an experience engineering platform built around nine-layer cognitive corpus construction, turns heterogeneous work records and practitioner interviews into traceable, reusable experience corpora for agents, and provides a practical path from individual tacit experience to organizational knowledge and agen...

Chang-Mian Wang, Yu-Chao Ma, Xu-Chao Lu et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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