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natural language processing

9,568 papers

#machine learning Preprint Open access Sep 2026

N\"urnberg NLP at ChildSafeAds 2026: Structurally Dissimilar Voter Ensembles under Four Levels of Data Access

We describe the N\"urnberg NLP system for ChildSafeAds 2026. The shared task asks what a monitoring system for commercial content in child-facing YouTube videos can achieve at a given level of data access. We answer with per-subtask ensembles of nine voters, organised into three branches that differ in backbone, adapta...

Philipp Steigerwald, Eric Rudolph, Jens Albrecht · 0 citations

The Model Knows When to Stop: Training-Free Early Stopping for Long-Context Reading

Answer-Convergence Stopping (ACS) is introduced, a training-free stopping rule that measures rather than asks, and reveals that by properly utilizing the output signals of frozen models, it can achieve favorable behaviors like adaptive stopping without the need for additional training.

Muath Alyobi, Mohamed Eltahir, Almoayyad Abuljdail et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Rethinking Latent Visual Reasoning: Grounding Latent Reasoning in Visual Evidence

ReaLVR is proposed, which brings visual-evidence supervision to the model's own free-running latent trajectories, and is the first to scale visual reasoning in latent space, showing that the framework continues to deliver robust improvements at frontier model scales up to 235B.

Xi Xiao, Tian-Chen Zhao, Youngeun Kim et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

RoPE is Dead, Long Live RoPE: Towards Scalable Data-aware Positional Encodings

Transformers process tokens without any inherent notion of order, making positional encoding a fundamental requirement rather than an architectural refinement. Rotary Position Embedding (RoPE) has become the default positional encoding in modern language models, yet it is heavily biased toward nearby tokens. Existing a...

Jarod Lévy, Mathurin Videau, Jad Yehya et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

How to Tame a Multi-Headed Hydra? Adaptive Multi-Category Safety Steering for Large Language Models

As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly widespread, preventing unsafe responses to harmful prompts is essential for their safe deployment. Activation steering offers an approach to improving LLM safety by modifying internal activations during inference without updating model parameters. However, a single pr...

Chen-Xi Wang, Rui-Yang Huang, Li Huang et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Unbiased Top-$k$ Estimation for On-Policy Distillation

Tail-Corrected Top-$k$ On-Policy Distillation (TT-OPD) is proposed, which preserves the advantages of TK-OPD, including rich distributional supervision and low computational cost, while providing an unbiased estimator of the gradient of the reverse KL divergence.

Lin-Jian Meng, Si-Yuan Gan, Yu-Hang Li et al. · 2 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Look Before You Select: Rethinking Vocabulary Sparsification in On-Policy Distillation

On-policy distillation (OPD) uses teacher correction on student-generated responses. Full-vocabulary correction can provide important corrections even for tokens that the student assigns low probability, but backpropagating through all token logits becomes memory-intensive for long sequences. Existing memory-saving app...

Yongliang Miao, Shuang Liu, Yan-Guang Liu et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Sep 2026

Word Similarity Datasets for Indian Languages: Annotation and Baseline Systems

With the advent of word representations, word similarity tasks are becoming increasing popular as an evaluation metric for the quality of the representations. In this paper, we present manually annotated monolingual word similarity datasets of six Indian languages - Urdu, Telugu, Marathi, Punjabi, Tamil and Gujarati. T...

Syed S. Akhtar, Arihant Gupta, Avijit Vajpayee et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

RewardExplainer: Learning Reward Model Explanations from Counterfactual Preference Feedback

This work proposes RewardExplainer, a framework that obtains feedback from the target reward model through counterfactual rewriting and uses this feedback to further optimize the explainer, enabling the explainer to more faithfully capture the target RM's scoring preferences and sensitive behaviors than single-pass gen...

Jing-Yi He, Ni-Er Wu, Shuang Liu et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

High-Level Text Preprocessing for Semantic Similarity Analysis of Discursive Texts: A Framework and Empirical Demonstration

High-level text preprocessing is introduced: a systematic, rule-based intervention applied before the standard preprocessing pipeline to isolate each document's actual claim from its discursive structure and introduces the semantic diffusion index (SDI), a per-document metric for assessing the semantic reorientation be...

M. M. Albayrakoğlu, M. N. Aydin · 1 citation
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Simple Diffusion Language Models Are More Effective Few-Step Generators Than Reported

Diffusion language models (DLMs) promise fast parallel generation, yet high-quality samples often require large number of refinement steps, which diminishes their advantage in practice. This has led to massive interest in and rapid development of new methods for effective few-step generation. We show that much of the s...

H. Amin, Ming Yin, Rajiv Khanna · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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