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natural language processing

9,261 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Prompt-agnostic Language Models

Despite their strong performance, large language models remain highly sensitive to prompt formulation. This issue is typically addressed at inference-time through manual prompt optimization, which introduces overhead and lacks scalability. Conversely, we focus on train-time approaches that build prompt robustness into...

Frederic Sadrieh · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Rank-Aware Differentially Private Release of Listwise Preferences for LLM Alignment

Listwise preference feedback offers richer supervision for large language model (LLMs) alignment than pairwise comparisons, but a full ranking also reveals more sensitive user preferences. Existing privacy-preserving alignment methods focus mainly on pairwise feedback, while listwise alignment under local differential...

Junwei Chen, Manjiang Yu, Pengpeng Qiao et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Supervised Fine-Tuning for Reasoning Large Language Models: A Survey

Large reasoning models have recently demonstrated remarkable capabilities in solving complex tasks, where supervised fine-tuning (SFT) on long chain-of-thought data serves as a crucial foundation for eliciting and enhancing their reasoning abilities. Despite rapid progress in both improving and analyzing reasoning-orie...

Yongcan Yu, Kuangpu Guo, Jian Liang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Artifact Distillation: Training-Free Transfer from Frontier to Small Language Models

Closing the gap between frontier and smaller language models is usually approached by distillation: fine-tuning the small model (student) on a frontier model's (teacher) outputs, which binds transfer to training compute and leaves the transferred knowledge largely opaque. We propose Artifact Distillation: a teacher sol...

Mustafa Safa Ozdayi, Somin Wadhwa · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

VeriCUA: Verification as Agentic Exploration for Computer-Using Agents

Building and scaling computer-using agents (CUAs) across desktop, mobile, and web environments requires reliable task-completion verification for data curation, evaluation, and reinforcement learning. Typical automated approaches prompt vision-language models (VLMs) to judge trajectories or generate programs to inspect...

Qiushi Sun, Da Yu, Alexander Knop et al. · 0 citations

Comparing Human Roleplayers and LLM-Simulated Clients in Online Counselling Training: An Analysis of Counselling Patterns

The findings highlight both similarities and differences in the application of counselling patterns across scenarios, showing the potential of LLM-based role-playing exercises to enhance counselling competencies and to identify areas for further refinement in virtual client simulations.

Eric Rudolph, P. Steigerwald, J. Albrecht · 3 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Ramanujan Challenge Results: AI-Assisted Evaluation Pipeline for Multi-Format Proofs

As AI's mathematical capabilities rapidly improve, meaningful benchmarks are shifting from university-level problems and math olympiads to research-level mathematics. The Ramanujan Challenge is a benchmark comprised of research-level problems in number theory, including unpublished results and open conjectures. It pres...

A. Sorani, Ashvni Narayanan, M. Shalyt et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

FIRME: Registry-Anchored Memory Graphs for Evolving, Heterogeneous Investor Knowledge

Financial AI workflows that reuse investor knowledge need persistent memory that integrates observations across sources and periods without losing identity or provenance. In a knowledge graph, recurring observations may use different surface forms, fragmenting relationship histories and preventing evidence from accumul...

Yunbai Zhang, Yunyi Gao, Han-Tai Shiao · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Training language models in simulation for psychiatric intake

In psychiatric practice, the clinical intake interview remains a primary diagnostic instrument, requiring the clinician to establish rapport while disentangling complex, overlapping presentations. Here, we show that multi-turn reinforcement learning (RL) in simulation environments improves language model performance on...

Samuel Schmidgall, Tim Strother, Alex Bijamov et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Prefix Executability: Evaluating Tool-Using Agents Beyond Final Success

Tool-use benchmarks often score agents by final task success, but terminal outcomes can obscure whether the intermediate tool-call trajectory was executable. We propose prefix executability as a trajectory-level evaluation protocol for tool-using agents. The protocol measures whether every prefix of a predicted tool-ca...

Amir H. Rezaeian, Weiyi Sun, Yassine Benajiba et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Neighborhood Elites: Quality-Diversity Search for Uncertainty Quantification in Question Answering

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly capable, yet they produce wrong answers indistinguishable from correct ones. In question answering (QA), such an error propagates unnoticed into downstream tasks. Perturbation-based uncertainty quantification (UQ) addresses this by probing a model over a set of input rewrit...

Mesut Ceylan, Arda Baris Basaran, Elgar Fleisch et al. · 0 citations

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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