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natural language processing

9,568 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

LLaDA-PRM: A Bidirectional Step-Level Reasoning Evaluator

Step-level reasoning evaluators are commonly based on autoregressive language models, whose causal attention restricts each step representation to the problem, previous steps, and the current step. Yet, when the complete solution is available, the validity of an earlier step may become clearer only through its downstre...

Yi-Ming Feng, Nai-Hao Deng, Yu-Long Chen et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

COT-TTS: Audio Context-Aware Text-to-Speech with Chain-of-Thought Reasoning

Recently, text-to-speech systems have made significant progress in speech expressiveness and controllability. However, the speaking style of generated speech typically relies on clear user-specified instructions. In natural conversations, speaking style should be naturally inferred from the preceding conversational con...

Wei-Zhen Bian, Si-Tong Cheng, Rongxiu Zhong et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

Beetle: A Bilingual Model Suite for Modelling Second-Language Processing

Evaluating models on human bilingual and second language reading-time prediction and grammaticality judgement tasks, it is found that staged and temporally structured curricula consistently improve alignment with language learner reading time compared to balanced bilingual training.

Suchir Salhan, Catherine Arnett, James A. Michaelov et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

Pretrained Persona Mixture Models and Tandem Models for Human Simulation

We argue here that the current dominant practice in LLM human simulation: prompting instruction-tuned assistant language models to role-play personas, is inaccurate and produces stereotyped predictions (lacking natural diversity). It has previously been shown that LLMs can be bound to personas using naturalistic, freet...

Min-Woo Kang, Téa Wright, Seun Eisape et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Preserving What Matters: Semantic Scaffolds Beyond Saturation in Summarization Evaluation

Summarization ships in countless production systems, making model selection a routine decision that depends on measuring summary quality. Existing metrics struggle to support this: ROUGE captures only surface overlap, while LLM-as-judge scores saturate to near-identical values that fail to rank models effectively. We o...

Nikhil Reddy Pottanigari, Ramin Fahimi, Noah Bolger et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

Correct Diagnosis, Better Feedback: A Symbolic-Verifier for Faithful LLM Tutoring Feedback in Logic Proofs

Effective LLM tutoring depends on correctly identifying the specific error in a student's reasoning before generating feedback. We study this problem in propositional-logic proof tutoring, where student actions can be checked against formal inference rules. We introduce a verifier-grounded architecture that separates d...

Tahreem Yasir, A. Mody, Xioayi Tian et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Sep 2026

Cross-Dialect NER for Bangla Regional Dialects Using Leave-One-Dialect-Out Cross-Validation and Explainable AI

Bangla, the seventh most spoken language in the world, exhibits significant regional dialectal diversity, with dialects such as Barishal, Chattogram, Sylhet, Noakhali, and Mymensingh differing in lexical, morphological, and syntactic characteristics. These variations pose substantial challenges for Named Entity Recogni...

Shamim Rahim Refat, Faika Fairuj Preotee, Shuvashis Sarker et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Sep 2026

When Cosine Similarity Fails to Reflect Linearly Accessible Structure in Dialogue Models

Cosine similarity is widely used to analyze transformer representations, implicitly assuming that similarity reflects task-relevant structure. We study when this assumption fails in dialogue-conditioned large language models. Across three 7-8B chat-tuned models, ambient cosine similarity substantially underestimates li...

Yu Sun, Mengyin Lu, Cong Feng et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Review Open access Sep 2026

Datasets and Methods for Improving the Cultural Capabilities of NLP Systems: A Survey

The full list of analyzed papers is released in the form of an interactive web interface, which includes a feature to allow researchers to add their work; it is hoped this facilitates future research and proves to be a valuable resource for the Cultural NLP community.

Tania Chakraborty, Eylon Caplan, Zhaoqing Wu et al. · 1 citation
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Toward Personalized Sleep Guidance from Wearable Data Using Language Models

Experimental results demonstrate the method outperforms commercial general and medical LLMs and open-source models and human evaluation further supports the quality of the generated guidance and the feasibility of personalized sleep guidance with SLMs.

Yu-Sheng Tan, Run-Ning Zhao, Sofia Angel et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

Apollo Restore: A Foundation LLM for Historical Greek Optimized for Fill-in-the-Middle Restoration of Ancient Greek Texts

We present Apollo Restore, a 24-billion-parameter large language model for restoring lacunae---physical gaps---in fragmentary Ancient Greek texts. Fine-tuned from Mistral Small with a fill-in-the-middle objective, Apollo Restore reconstructs missing spans without requiring oracle knowledge of their length. To our knowl...

Hope McGovern, A. Dolganov, Samuel Belkadi et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

Vox-Infinity: Benchmarking the Limits of Long-Context Spoken Language Models

Long-context understanding remains a fundamental challenge for large language models, as excessively long inputs often lead models to forget salient information. This issue is even more pronounced in the speech domain, where audio, as a low-compression modality, requires substantially more embeddings than text to prese...

Xi-Ze Cheng, Wen-Xu Jia, Chenyuhao Wen et al. · 4 citations · ⚡1

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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