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natural language processing

9,568 papers

#natural language process... Preprint Aug 2026

TreeSpark: Calibrated, Load-Adaptive Draft Trees for Semi-Autoregressive Speculative Decoding

TreeSpark is introduced, which reads a parent-conditioned distribution from the drafter's existing Markov head at negligible cost, calibrates it into an edge-acceptance estimate, and lets path survival govern everything else: best-first expansion, per-round stopping, and a load-adaptive serving policy.

Hua-Peng Zhou, Hua-Yu Wang, Xin-Yu Wang · 2 citations · ⚡1
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Sep 2026

AI-inferred expressed well-being and collective-action discourse in climate-change campaigns on X

Climate campaigns are often evaluated through attention and mobilization, but less is known about the well-being language that accompanies them. Whether campaign periods alter positive affect and hope, and whether happiness aligns with action language, remains unresolved. We analysed 364,118 public Twitter/X posts from...

Wentao Xu · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Sep 2026

Length Penalties Make Chain-of-Thought Less Monitorable

Recent work trains reasoning models with length penalties to curb overthinking and cut inference cost. We show that these penalties make the chain of thought less monitorable. A length-compressed model still lets misleading hints steer its answers, but it less often verbalizes their influence. We train Qwen3-4B and Qwe...

Bryce Little · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Jun 2026

The Metanym Game: An LLM Benchmark Without Ground Truth That Rises With the Models It Measures

A benchmark is introduced that is fully self-contained, needs no ground truth, and rises with the models it measures, hypothesize that both benchmarks measure the same thing in different ways: a language model holds its knowledge as archetypal contexts, relationship patterns valid across many topic domains.

D. Nordfors · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Sep 2026

MDForge: Agentic Molecular Dynamics Pipeline Design under Sparse Simulator Feedback

Molecular dynamics (MD) is the canonical in-silico method for atomistic molecular science, simulating molecular behavior from first-principle physics. Designing an MD pipeline for a new system requires substantial expert knowledge: running it on even one molecule is expensive, ruling out trial-and-error. We automate th...

Zehong Wang, Yijun Ma, Connor R. Schmidt et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Sep 2026

Can Generalist Agents Automate Data Curation?

Curating training data is among the most consequential yet labor-intensive parts of modern AI development: practitioners iteratively propose, implement, evaluate, and revise data policies against noisy benchmark feedback. We ask whether generalist coding agents can automate this data-curation loop. We introduce *Curati...

Feiyang Kang, Hanze Li, Adam Nguyen et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Jun 2026

Decomposing Refusal Steering in Mixture-of-Experts Models

This work extends this refusal steering method to three open-source Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) LLMs to decompose and better understand how refusal mechanisms operate across MoE components, finding that steering performance is uninhibited by the complex routing patterns inherent to the MoE architecture.

Anna C. Marbut, Daniel R. Olson, T. Wheeler · 0 citations

TRACES: Proactive Safety Auditing for Multi-Turn LLM Agents via Trajectory-State Modeling

TRACES is a representation-based proactive auditor that learns prefix-level trajectory risk states from the hidden representations of an observer LLM, and it is suggested that these risk states can help train a safer agent, highlighting the broader potential of proactive auditing for long-horizon agent safety.

Jia-Qian Li, Yanshu Li, Bo-Xuan Zhang et al. · 6 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Sep 2026

Information-Geometric First-Passage Monitoring of Distributional Stability in Stochastic Systems

Runtime monitoring of stochastic systems must distinguish nominal distributional relaxation from regime departure while controlling repeated-test false alarms under explicit validity assumptions. This paper links relative-entropy dissipation, information geometry, and sequential inference in a bounded first-passage mon...

Hikmat Karimov, Rahid Zahid Alekberli · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Sep 2026

Characterizing Model-Native Skills

Skills are a natural unit for describing what a language model can do and how its behavior can be changed. However, existing characterizations rely on human-written taxonomies, textual descriptions, or manual profiling pipelines--all external hypotheses about what matters that need not align with the model's internal r...

Feiyang Kang, Mahavir Dabas, Myeongseob Ko et al. · 0 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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