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natural language processing

9,261 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Mathematical Reasoning via Intervention-Based Time-Series Causal Discovery Using LLMs as Concept Mastery Simulators

Recent methods for improving LLM mathematical reasoning, whether through MCTS-based test-time search or causal graph-guided knowledge injection, cannot identify which concepts causally contribute to a correct answer, as the observed association may be spurious, driven by confounders such as problem difficulty. We pro...

Tsuyoshi Okita · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Why Geometric Continuity Emerges in Deep Neural Networks: Residual Connections and Rotational Symmetry Breaking

Weight matrices in deep networks exhibit geometric continuity---principal singular vectors of adjacent layers point in similar directions. While this property has been widely observed, its origin remains unexplained. Through experiments on toy MLPs and small transformers, we identify two mechanisms: residual connection...

Kyungwon Jeong, Won-Gi Paeng, Honggyo Suh · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

SATFormer: Learning When to Use Early Value Residuals in Transformers

Recent Transformer architectures expose later layers to representations computed in earlier layers, motivated by the observation that low-level features can become harder to recover as the residual stream is transformed through depth. One such method adds static value residuals: learned mixing coefficients that expose...

Skye Gunasekaran, T\'ea Wright, Rui-Jie Zhu et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

SignVerse-2M: A Two-Million-Clip Pose-Native Universe of 55+ Sign Languages

Large-scale sign language resources usually pair RGB videos with text and support recognition, translation, and generation. However, RGB frames contain backgrounds, clothing, and other appearance information unrelated to signing motion. Representing the videos as whole-body keypoints such as DWPose removes much of this...

Sen Fang, Hongbin Zhong, Yanxin Zhang et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Do Compact SSL Backbones Matter for Audio Deepfake Detection? A Controlled Study with RAPTOR

Self-supervised learning (SSL) underpins modern audio deepfake detection, yet most prior work centers on a single large wav2vec2-XLSR backbone, leaving compact under studied. We present RAPTOR, Representation Aware Pairwise-gated Transformer for Out-of-domain Recognition a controlled study of compact SSL backbones from...

Ajinkya Kulkarni, Sandipana Dowerah, Atharva Kulkarni et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Improving the Performance of Compressed Transformers with Post-Hoc Embedding Alignment

Model compression is necessary for deployment of transformer models in resource-constrained environments. However, compression reduces the performance of transformer models on downstream tasks. Existing solutions such as Knowledge Distillation (KD) and Parameter Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) have their own limitations....

Rohit Raj Rai, Abhishek Dhaka, Amit Awekar · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

GraphDancer: Training LLMs to Explore and Reason over Graphs via Curriculum Reinforcement Learning

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly rely on external knowledge to improve factuality, yet many knowledge sources on the Web, such as scholarly indexes and product catalogs, are organized as heterogeneous graphs. Reasoning over such graph-structured knowledge poses two key challenges: (1) navigating structured, sc...

Yuyang Bai, Zhuofeng Li, Ping Nie et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Fast KVzip: Efficient and Accurate LLM Inference with Gated KV Eviction

Efficient key-value (KV) cache management is crucial for the practical deployment of large language models (LLMs), yet existing compression techniques often incur a trade-off between performance degradation and computational overhead. We propose a novel gating-based KV cache eviction method for frozen-weight LLMs that...

Jang-Hyun Kim, Dongyoon Han, Sangdoo Yun · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Navigating Ideation Space: Decomposed Conceptual Representations for Positioning Scientific Ideas

Scientific discovery requires new ideas to be situated within an ever-expanding landscape of existing knowledge. An emerging challenge is how to identify conceptually relevant prior work from rapidly growing literature, and assess how a new idea differentiates from existing research. Current embedding approaches typica...

Minqian Liu, Yuexi Shen, Dawei Zhou et al. · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Automotive-ENV: Benchmarking Multimodal Models in Automotive Cockpit Environments

Multimodal models have demonstrated strong capabilities in web, desktop, and mobile GUI environments, but their performance in automotive cockpit systems remains largely unexplored. In-vehicle GUIs introduce unique challenges beyond traditional GUI interaction, including vehicle-state reasoning, implicit intent underst...

Junfeng Yan, Biao Wu, Meng Fang et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Evolving Language Models without Labels: Majority Drives Selection, Novelty Promotes Variation

Large language models (LLMs) can improve through reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR), but many settings lack reference answers or external verifiers. Label-free self-improvement instead constructs training signals from the model's own outputs. Because the same policy generates both the candidate respo...

Yujun Zhou, Zhenwen Liang, Haolin Liu et al. · 0 citations
#computer vision Aug 2025

Can Multi-modal (reasoning) LLMs detect document manipulation?

This study investigates the efficacy of state-of-the-art multi-modal large language models-including OpenAI O1, OpenAI 4o, Gemini Flash (thinking), Deepseek Janus, Grok, Llama 3.2 and 4, Qwen 2 and 2.5 VL, Mistral Pixtral, and Claude detecting fraudulent documents, and reveals that top-performing multi-modal LLMs demon...

Zi-Sheng Liang, Kidus Zewde, R. Singh et al. · 8 citations

From tech blogs

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Microsoft Research Blog Oct 22, 2026

Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations

Flint-interactive gives AI agents a language for creating interactive visualizations. Click a chart, filter data, highlight related content, and explore beyond the view the author originally chose. The post Flint-interactive: A language for creating interactive data visualizations appeared first on Microsoft Research.

MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Oct 15, 2026

AI model decodes the language cells use to communicate

A new computational approach reveals how cells communicate to assemble into tissues. This could accelerate stem cell engineering, improve disease models, and inform therapies.

Microsoft Research Blog Oct 15, 2026

Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar

Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security. The post Proof-based general-purpose computing with Magnetar appeared first on Microsoft Research.

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