Human language and logic abilities are computationally quantified within the well-studied grammar-automata hierarchy. We identify three hierarchical tiers and two corresponding transitions and show their correspondence to specific abilities in transformer-based language models (LMs). These emergent abilities have often...
Language models can score psychiatric questionnaires from speech, but agreement with self-report may reflect the questionnaire rather than the person. We introduce psychometric representational similarity analysis, a framework for comparing the structure of speech-derived scores, self-report, item wording and theory, a...
Revised version (v4): noise ceiling replaced, analyses restricted to stimulus pairs presented in different fMRI runs, repaired evaluation of all five conditions. We compare four learning rules (backpropagation (BP), feedback alignment (FA), predictive coding (PC), and spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP)) in identi...
Content-based image retrieval (CBIR) in neuroimaging enables the identification of structurally similar brain scans, supporting diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment planning; however, existing methods are often limited to small datasets, single brain regions, or coarse class labels, thereby restricting their clinical ut...
Félix Nieto-del-Amor, Jing-Ru Fu, J.-Sebastian Muehlboeck et al.· 0 citations
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Large-scale EEG foundation models have demonstrated promising transferability across neurological disorders, but often require millions of parameters and substantial computational resources. In this paper, we present the Universal Semantic EEG Foundation Model (USE-FM), a lightweight EEG foundation model that learns tr...
Decoding visual content from fMRI signals recorded while a person views images, and specifically answering questions about the seen images, is a long-standing challenge. While significant progress has been made in recent years in visual question answering (VQA) from fMRI, performance remains limited. Moreover, although...
Roman Beliy, Matias Cosarinsky, Oliver Heinimann et al.· 0 citations
Similarity scores are often offered as evidence that a model shares structure with the brain or across languages. We ask what such a score reads when that structure is removed, or when the instrument measuring it does not work, in two settings. Across seventeen languages, a grammaticality probe transfers worse between...
Understanding how humans reason -- and how reasoning responses vary across tasks and individuals -- remains a core challenge for modeling and explanation in cognitive science. We investigate the stability of response patterns within reasoners and whether variation in these patterns can be used to predict learning effec...
Clemens Bombach, Rajmadan Lakshmanan, Marco Ragni· 0 citations
What can representational similarity matrices (RSMs) tell us about a neural code? As the popularity of these summary statistics grows, so too does the need for a more complete characterization of their properties. Here, we show that symmetries in network inputs can confound RSM-based analyses. Stimulus symmetries rende...
Farhad Pashakhanloo, Jacob A. Zavatone-Veth· 0 citations
Biological neural networks (BNNs) have been established as a powerful and adaptive substrate that offer the potential for incredibly energy and data efficient information processing with distinct learning mechanisms. Yet a core challenge to utilizing BNN for neurocomputation is determining the optimal encoding and deco...
Johnson Zhou, Daniel Tanneberg, Forough Habibollahi et al.· 0 citations
CEBRA is applied to EEG recorded from dyads in conversation, and the resulting embedding indicates a manifold organized by individual -- and, in contrast with current neurolinguistics models, almost invariant to speaking vs. listening.
Hubert Huang, Michelle McCleod, Brendan P. W. Ames et al.· 0 citations
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