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neuroscience

180 papers

Broken scale symmetries in undercomplete linear autoencoders

Neural network loss landscapes have many symmetries, which are preserved by gradient flow but broken by finite-stepsize stochastic gradient descent (SGD). A canonical example of such a symmetry is scale in homogeneous networks: one can scale up the parameters in one layer and down in the next without changing the netwo...

Farhad Pashakhanloo, Jacob A. Zavatone-Veth · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

NeuroLens: Learning Latent Embeddings of Neural Semantics from Chronic Recordings

NeuroLens (Latent Embeddings of Neural Semantics), a self-supervised model based on the Joint-Embedding Predictive Architecture (JEPA) framework that learns denoised, semantically informative latents from chronic neural recordings, is introduced as a new paradigm for studying how neural representations change during le...

Hanrui Lyu, Bai-Yuan Chen, Tian Tan et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Causal discovery identifies pathways linking physical activity to dementia risk in the UK BioBank

Physical Activity (PA) is consistently associated with lower risk of dementia, yet the mechanism linking PA to dementia prevention remain incomopletely understood. Here, we integrate large language model (LLM)-guided causal discovery with mediation analysis in 42,293 older adults aged 60 years or older from the UK Biob...

Wasif Khan, Panayiotis V. Benos, Joshua K. Wong et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Poincar\'e Meets Bellman: Revisable Memory, Operational Quotients, and Evidence-Supported Learning in Changing Environments

Memory consolidation determines both what a learner can do now and which changes remain implementable later. We develop a finite-model synthesis of operational state abstraction and optimal control under the stability-evidence-revision (SER) framework. ``Poincar\'e meets Bellman'' names two complementary roles: qualita...

Xin Li · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Stochastic Optimal Control for Continuous-Time fMRI Representation Learning

Learning robust representations from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is fundamentally challenged by the temporal irregularity and noise inherent in data from heterogeneous sources. Existing self-supervised learning (SSL) methods often discard critical temporal information by discretizing or averaging fMRI...

Joonhyeong Park, Byoungwoo Park, Chang-Bae Bang et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

A foundation for systematic analysis of transformers and RNNs for tractography

Machine learning (ML) has emerged as a promising approach for improving diffusion MRI (dMRI) tractography, a task that remains limited by the intrinsic tension between local diffusion information and global anatomical plausibility. In this work, we systematically evaluate recurrent neural networks (RNNs) and Transforme...

Emmanuelle Renauld, Philippe Poulin, Hugo Larochelle et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Inferring Multi-Timescale Neural Dynamics with Switching Linear Dynamical Systems

Neural activity often exhibits multiple timescales that can vary with behavioral states and task conditions. Identifying these timescales from neural recordings is important for better understanding neural computation and function. However, traditional approaches based on autocorrelation fitting are difficult to scale...

Lu-Lu Gong, Yong-Xu Zhang, Shreya Saxena · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Oct 2026

REALM: Retrospective Encoder Alignment for LFP Modeling

Spike activity has been the dominant neural signal for behavior decoding because its high spatiotemporal resolution supports accurate decoding. However, as intracortical brain-computer interfaces (iBCIs) move toward higher channel counts and wireless operation, the high sampling rates required to record spikes create s...

Peicheng Wu, Zhenyu Bu, Runze Ma et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Increasing Width Allows Greedy Layer-wise Training to Rival End-to-End Backpropagation in Self-Supervised Learning

End-to-end backpropagation has been the dominant mode of training in deep learning, allowing for the coordination of parameter updates across layers of a neural network. Prior studies have explored alternative -- and, in some cases, simpler -- training mechanisms, showing that they can sometimes achieve performance sim...

Syon Mansur, Joel Zylberberg · 0 citations
#robotics Preprint Sep 2026

Embodiment-aware control by inference over the operator: a simulation study

An embodiment-aware controller is formulated, the Universal Embodiment Engine (UEE), that infers the operator's embodiment and visuo-proprioceptive cue weighting from implicit gaze and pupil signals and task outcome, and chooses bounded device settings under explicit preferences, cast as a discrete Active Inference age...

Sara Falcone · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Removing Timing Shortcuts Improves Non-Invasive Brain-to-Text

We find that major reported improvements in decoding words from non-invasive brain recordings are largely reproducible without any brain data. In the influential work of d'Ascoli et al. (2025), time series of brain activity from subjects perceiving continuous speech are segmented into fixed-length windows starting at e...

D. Jayalath, Oiwi Parker Jones · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Open access Oct 2026

Disentangling Computation in Multi-Task Neural Networks with the Green's Operator

How is computation organized and reused across tasks and time in a trained recurrent network? Most analyses emphasize the geometry of neural activity, dynamical motifs, or local perturbation growth. We instead study the network's global first-order perturbation response. The finite-horizon Green's operator maps perturb...

James Hazelden · 0 citations

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