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neuroscience

180 papers

#machine learning Open access Aug 2026

Are Our Current Rational Decision-Making Models Truly Rational? A Critical Analysis and a New Neurobiological Framework

This paper critically examines the foundational assumptions of rational decision-making models and finds them to be systematically and comprehensively flawed. Through a rigorous analysis of empirical evidence from behavioral economics and neuroscience, we demonstrate that traditional models, such as Expected Utility Th...

Kwan Hong TAN · 0 citations
#natural language process... Open access Aug 2026

Are Moral Facts Real or Constructed? Novel Theoretical Frameworks for Understanding Moral Ontology

The question of whether moral facts are real or constructed has dominated metaethical discourse for centuries, with traditional positions including moral realism, anti-realism, and constructivism offering competing accounts of moral ontology. This paper introduces four novel theoretical frameworks that transcend tradit...

Kwan Hong TAN · 0 citations
#natural language process... Open access Aug 2026

Are Moral Facts Real or Constructed? Novel Theoretical Frameworks for Understanding Moral Ontology

The question of whether moral facts are real or constructed has dominated metaethical discourse for centuries, with traditional positions including moral realism, anti-realism, and constructivism offering competing accounts of moral ontology. This paper introduces four novel theoretical frameworks that transcend tradit...

Kwan Hong TAN · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Open access Jul 2026

Beyond Participatory Explanation: Ontological Reflexivity Theory as a Resolution to the Consciousness Emergence Problem

David Cota’s evaluation of the author’s “participatory explanation” approach to consciousness reveals fundamental conceptual problems that plague contemporary consciousness studies. Cota identifies a critical conflation between reason as a symbolic-operational function, and consciousness as a phenomenal-experiential fi...

Kwan Hong TAN · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Open access Jul 2026

Beyond Participatory Explanation: Ontological Reflexivity Theory as a Resolution to the Consciousness Emergence Problem

David Cota’s evaluation of the author’s “participatory explanation” approach to consciousness reveals fundamental conceptual problems that plague contemporary consciousness studies. Cota identifies a critical conflation between reason as a symbolic-operational function, and consciousness as a phenomenal-experiential fi...

Kwan Hong TAN · 0 citations
#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

From Neurons to Conversation: Speech Brain-Computer Interfaces

By reframing speech BCIs as adaptive, user-centred systems, this work outlines the interdisciplinary priorities spanning speech neuroscience, neural engineering, machine learning, clinical practice, and neuroethics needed to move from proof-of-concept decoding toward reliable, expressive, and controllable communication...

Moein Khajehnejad, Forough Habibollahi, T. Boccato et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Apr 2026

Single-turn emergency psychiatric triage across 15 frontier AI chatbots

AI chatbots recognized most psychiatric emergencies but still missed clinically important cases and frequently over-triaged less urgent presentations, and further evaluations should examine how triage performance changes when clinically relevant information must be elicited through conversation.

V. Weilnhammer, Lennart Luettgau, Christopher Summerfield et al. · 2 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Open access Sep 2026

Causal pieces: analysing and improving spiking neural networks piece by piece

We introduce "causal pieces", a novel concept for analysing spiking neural networks (SNNs), inspired by "linear pieces" used to study expressivity and trainability in artificial neural networks (ANNs). Causal pieces partition the input and parameter space of a feedforward SNN with single-spike coding into distinct regi...

Dominik Dold, Philipp Christian Petersen · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Large-scale factor analysis shows machine intelligence is only partially interpretable

The findings go against current endeavors of defining, identifying, and targeting general intelligence as a tangible construct in language model development, since the strategy of targeting a single conceptual ability without support is left without support.

Faiz Ghifari Haznitrama, Afrizal Hasbi Azizy, Faeyza Rishad Ardi · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Cross-attention encoding models reveal dynamic spatiotemporal routing across human higher visual cortex

This work uses per-parcel cross-attention to dynamically route features from a self-supervised video model (V-JEPA-2) across both space and time, and finds that joint routing improves predictions of brain responses to held-out videos across higher visual regions, most consistently in lateral and dorsal visual areas ass...

Iishaan Inabathini, Margaret M. Henderson · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Which Attention Heads are like the Human Head? Not the Ones that Compute

Alignment and causation dissociate: brain-aligned heads contribute to performance, but their removal is substantially less disruptive than removal of heads selected via attribution patching, and FV-ranked removal is substantially more disruptive than brain-ranked removal.

Christopher Pinier, Gustaw Opielka, Hannes Rosenbusch et al. · 0 citations

Flattening the Connectome Spectrum: A Spectral Filter for FC Induces a Pretraining Target for fMRI Encoders.

It is shown that KRR is weighted by the eigenvalues of the FC which are miscalibrated for phenotype prediction, and an efficient spectral filter is applied to recalibrate the eigenvalues of each subject's FC matrix, enabling the model to exploit more inter-individual variance.

G. Marraffini, Victoria Shevchenko, Carlo Alberto Barbano et al. · 0 citations

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