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neuroscience

180 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Neural Structural Reasoner: A Brain-inspired Architecture for Reasoning over Structured Knowledge

Structural reasoning, the ability to recognize and make inferences over the relational structure between objects and concepts, is a hallmark of human cognition, yet prevailing methods often collapse relational topology into flat embeddings, cannot discover hidden structure and lack interpretability. We introduce Neural...

Zi-Xing Jia, Yu-Hang Pan, Ni Ji · 0 citations

Conditioned Direct Feedback Alignment via Activity and Error Geometry

Conditioned DFA (nDFA), a family that adapts established inverse-moment preconditioning to either side of this update, is studied, establishing practical benefits and important limits of conditioning learning with fixed random feedback.

Houman Safaai, V. Reddy, Bernardo L. Sabatini · 1 citation
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

NeuronSifter: Intervention Planning in CNS Microenvironments

NeuronSifter treats decision quality as a property of the intervention interface, not of controller placement, and selects measurements by their expected reduction in intervention loss, assimilating typed outcomes into the same posterior.

Hao-Wei Xu, Wan-Yi Fu, Hong-Bin Han et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

NeuronDiscover: Agent-in-Twin for Mechanistic Discovery in Neuronal Microenvironments with World Action Models

NeuronDiscover is an Agent-in-Twin framework whose shared, mechanism-grounded World Action Model (WAM) couples prediction, intervention proposals, and observation design; independently adjudicated outcomes revise a scoped Mechanism--Intervention--Observation--Outcome (MIOY) graph, whose supported relations compile into...

Hao-Wei Xu, Wan-Yi Fu, Hong-Bin Han et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

FAST-Brain: A Flow-Aligned Spatio-Temporal Surrogate Brain Model

FAST-Brain is proposed, a unified flow-aligned spatio-temporal surrogate brain model that addresses all three challenges of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data, and achieves state-of-the-art performance in recovering functional connectivity, effective connectivity, and the implicit low-dimensional...

Shu-Cheng Liu, Chang-Chun Shi, Kai Zhang et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

T-SNN: Temporal Simplicial Neural Network for EEG Decoding

The Temporal Simplicial Neural Network is introduced, which represents EEG recordings as sequences of evolving simplicial complexes, and jointly learns higher-order interactions and their temporal evolution by combining simplicial convolutions with recurrent updates.

Nikita Malik, Shubhajit Roy, Mohit Kataria et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Beyond Gaussian Assumptions: Distribution-Aware Channel Capacity for Effective Connectivity

A distribution-aware, information-theoretic measure of effective connectivity based on channel capacity under general residual distributions based on normalizing flows is introduced, and a principled distribution-aware framework for effective-connectivity estimation beyond Gaussian residual modeling is established.

Jia-Nan Jian, Jacob Kang, Nurahmed Multezem et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Sep 2026

Recovery-Directed Symbolic Distillation of Neural Likelihoods

This work introduces a symbolic distillation pipeline that converts trained neural likelihoods into explicit, interpretable expressions optimized for efficient parameter estimation, and uses a recovery-directed objective to guide symbolic regression toward expressions that preserve parameter-recovery accuracy.

Kiante Fernandez, Xin-Wei Li · 0 citations

Scaling Vision Transformers for Functional MRI with Flat Maps

A new model family (CortexMAE) trained using the masked autoencoder framework is introduced, and in this setting the CortexMAE family outperforms prior models by a large margin, and the first open evaluation suite (Brainmarks) for fMRI foundation models is released.

Connor Lane, Mihir Tripathy, L. Murali et al. · 5 citations · ⚡1

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