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small language model

3,629 papers

#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

SEAL: Reinforcing Global Safety in Mixture-of-Experts through Shared Expert ALignment

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) is a scaling architecture for large language models that activates only a small subset of expert modules per token, enabling massive parameter growth with nearly constant computation. Recent Hybrid MoE architecture adds \textit{shared experts} to capture consistently useful representations, fur...

Qingyu Meng, Yiwei Zha, Jia-Huan Pei et al. · 0 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

Door-in-the-Face Requests and Refusal Behaviour in Large Language Models

Does the door-in-the-face technique work on language models? In humans, a large request that is refused makes a smaller follow-up request more likely to be granted. We test this on nine production models from three providers: each model refuses a large request, then receives a smaller version of the same request, and w...

T. Jordan · 0 citations
#small language model Review Sep 2026

Diagnostic accuracy of parent reports for speech-language disorders in young children: a meta-analysis.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of parent-report instruments for identifying speech and/or language disorders in children aged 0-6 years shows that several validated parent-report instruments demonstrate good accuracy for identifying children at risk, supporting their...

Selen Gündüz, Selçuk Güven · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

Quality Estimation for Machine Translation in Low-Resource Settings

Evaluating the quality of Machine Translation (MT) for low-resource languages is a challenging cross-lingual problem in Natural Language Processing. Quality Estimation (QE) aims to predict MT quality in the absence of reference translations. This thesis investigates QE through multilingual modelling, architectural adap...

Archchana Sindhujan · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

A Controlled Replication of a Self-Model Loop for Language-Model Agents: Controls, Confounds, and Finite-Horizon Path Dependence

An independent, clean-room reimplementation of a self-model loop architecture for language-model agents (the "AC1 loop" described in Lark Laflamme's 2026 AC1-LLM / Laflamme-3T essays). The architecture wraps an LLM with a Bayesian belief over the agent's own interaction stance, re-injected into generation each turn alo...

Grant Wilson · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

Memory Safety Where It Is Needed: Proof-Guided Runtime Checking in a Toolchain Small Enough to Read

Fil-C showed that C can be made memory-safe at run time by giving every pointer acapability and checking it on every access. We take its diagnostic ambitions and put themsomewhere else: in a compiler small enough for a person, or a language model, to hold inview at once, and with a different goal. Crust’s --mem-safe is...

Brent Hartshorn · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

Grand challenge: building a digitally enabled one health future for pediatric infectious diseases

Pediatric infectious diseases are moving into a phase where the old boundaries of the specialty just don't hold up anymore. A febrile child might be the first visible point in a much longer chain.In 2024, a dengue outbreak in Fano, Italy, hit 199 locally acquired cases, and France logged 83 autochthonous infections-num...

Daniele Zama · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

Benchmarking large language models for target-specific financial stance detection in 10-K MD&A sections and earnings call transcripts

Financial disclosures contain rich narrative information about firm performance, but their length, specialized terminology, and target-dependent language make sentence-level analysis challenging. Existing financial sentiment methods typically assess overall positive or negative tone, rather than stance toward specific...

Nikesh Gyawali, Doina Caragea, Alex Vasenkov et al. · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Sep 2026

Neurological outcomes and survival in patients with intracranial lesions undergoing awake craniotomy: a descriptive retrospective single-center study

To descriptively evaluate short-term (48–72 h postoperatively) neurological functional outcomes in patients undergoing awake craniotomy for intracranial lesions located within eloquent brain areas, and conduct univariate exploratory analyses of clinical factors correlated with acute postoperative neurological deteriora...

Ya-Jie Song, Kai-Wen Yang, Yu-Shun Zhang et al. · 0 citations

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