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small language model

442 papers

#small language model Book Open access Aug 2026

Evaluating Link-level Lossless Mechanisms in AI Networks

Evaluation results show that, while these mechanisms consume a small amount of link bandwidth, CBFC can greatly reduce receive buffer utilization, and LLR can substantially mitigate network performance degradation caused by packet corruption.

Kefei Liu, Ruixue Wang, Tianrun Jiang et al. · 0 citations
#small language model Preprint Aug 2026

Multi-Granularity Sentiment Integration for LLM-Based Multimodal Sentiment Analysis

MGSI first encodes audio and visual streams at short-, medium-, and long-range temporal scales, preserving both local variations and global affective trends, and applies polarity- and intensity-aware enhancement to better handle ambiguous and near-neutral samples.

Shanshan Lin, Yuesheng Wu, Chao Chen et al. · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Aug 2026

Translate, Search, or Answer: Cost-Aware Cross-Lingual Retrieval for Kazakh Small Language Models

This work systematically compares zero-shot parametric generation, in-language retrieval, and cross-lingual (translate-then-retrieve) web search using three 4B-parameter SLMs in both reasoning and non-reasoning modes and proposes a training-free, self-aware router that uses majority voting over repeated self-verification decisions to determine when to search the web, and when to escalate to a more capable cloud model.

Akylbek Maxutov, Nūrali Medeu, Vladimir Albrekht et al. · 0 citations
#small language model Review Open access Aug 2026

Factors influencing the efficacy of programmed cell death protein 1 / programmed death-ligand 1 inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer

Current evidence supports PD-L1 as the most widely implemented biomarker, but no single factor adequately captures the biological and temporal heterogeneity of treatment response, so integrated, dynamic, and context-specific biomarker models are required to improve precision immuno-oncology.

Longhua Lu, Ze-Yang Zeng, Zi-Qi Guan et al. · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Aug 2026

Using multimodal foundational models to predict neoantigen immunogenicity and vaccine effectiveness across different tumor types

This work is the first to use a multi-modal foundation model for neoantigen vaccines, overcoming the tumor-type-specific constraints of conventional approaches and facilitating joint modelling of immunogenicity and clinical efficacy, thereby offering an AI decision engine for precision cancer vaccine design that is applicable to all cancer types.

Gang Liu, Jia Wang, Jia Zhu · 0 citations
#small language model Preprint Aug 2026

Communicating Credit Risk with Large Language Models: Evaluation of Explanations from Standard and Alternative Data-Based Models

This work examines whether Large Language Models (LLMs) can serve as explanation layers that translate post-hoc explanation artefacts into stakeholder-appropriate risk narratives and discusses implications for the governance of risk models, including deployment considerations and the value of domain-aligned LLMs in regulated credit settings.

Sahab Zandi, Noah Kostesku, Christophe Mues et al. · 0 citations
#small language model Preprint Aug 2026

OVIP-SG: Open-Vocabulary Instance-Preserving Scene Graphs for Mapping and Retrieval of Small, Fine-Grained Objects

OVIP-SG is presented, a unified framework for instance-preserving semantic mapping, functional scene partitioning, and language-guided small, fine-grained object retrieval that outperforms ConceptGraphs under a unified evaluation protocol on Replica.

Tianjing Hao, Haiyu Lan, Ang Li et al. · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Aug 2026

Developing of Flipbook-Assisted Experiential Learning Media to Enhance Vocational Students’ Mathematical Critical Thinking

The findings indicate that anchoring experiential loops within a scannable digital format systematically drives uniform cognitive gains, offering a robust pedagogical vehicle for vocational mathematics education.

A. Yuliani, Aflich Yusnita Fitrianna, Norma Alias · 0 citations
#small language model Preprint Aug 2026

XRF-to-Optical Field-of-View Localization with Vision Language Models

This paper evaluates training-free vision language model (VLM) localization on two datasets representing same-section high-correspondence and adjacent-section low-correspondence imaging and tests unconstrained and metadata-constrained search and VLMs with geometric controls, classical template matching, and two alternative training-free approaches.

Xiangyu Yin, T. Paunesku, Letonia Copeland-Hardin et al. · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Aug 2026

Training-free counterfactual hallucination mitigation method for large vision-language models

This work proposes CounterfactualLVLM, a training-free and plug-and-play framework that mitigates object hallucinations via small-model-assisted counterfactual reasoning and highlights the power of counterfactual guidance as a simple yet effective paradigm for enhancing factual grounding in LVLM-based multi-modal reasoning.

Xilin Li, Boyue Wang, Xiaoqian Ju et al. · 0 citations
#small language model Open access Aug 2026

Does generative AI mean the “end of history” for pharmacovigilance automation? towards a framework for the future of human-AI systems

This perspective examines recent developments in AI for PV and introduces a conceptual framework of “computable PV,” in which tasks are evaluated based on their computational tractability and suitability for automation.

Leihong Wu, Joshua Xu, Oanh Dang et al. · 0 citations

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Microsoft Research Blog Aug 31, 2026

GigaPath-Flash and GigaTIME-Flash: Toward population-scale discovery with efficient pathology foundation models

What if pathology foundation models could do more with less? GigaPath-Flash and GigaTIME-Flash cut computational demands while maintaining strong performance, opening the door to larger studies and broader exploration. The post GigaPath-Flash and GigaTIME-Flash: Toward population-scale discovery with efficient pathology foundation models appeared first on Microsoft Research.