small language model

Mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury: integrating lipid metabolism and ferroptosis

Mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAMs) are specialized contact structures between mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum, playing a significant role in maintaining cellular calcium homeostasis, lipid metabolism, mitochondrial dynamics, and the regulation of cell death. In recent years, numer...

Vision-Language Models for Gait-Based Screening via Zero-Shot and Multimodal In-Context Learning

RAC-LLM: retrieval-augmented large-small model collaboration for cloud-assisted web asset risk assessment and homologous discovery

Cloud-assisted cyber-asset monitoring services must continuously assess web assets that rapidly change domains, content, and page structure, making new variants difficult to evaluate and trace. Large language models can interpret heterogeneous and ambiguous security evidence, but their decisions benefit from bounded an...

Divergent Readability-Accuracy Strategies of Two Mistral and QWen Models in Biomedical Text Simplification

Preventing escalation in customer service: immediate motivation and 4-week outcomes in a workplace deployment of LLM role-play training

Many customer support employees encounter aggressive customer attitudes, including overt dissatisfaction, unreasonable demands, and verbal abuse. Such attitudes do not always stem solely from customers: inadequate employee responses can amplify dissatisfaction and escalate initially manageable issues, making skills tha...

A Survey on Retrieval-Augmented and Transformer-Based Approaches for Legal AI: Grounding, Reasoning, and Multilingual Outcome Prediction

Legal artificial intelligence (AI) systems increasingly draw on retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), transformerbased embeddings, multi-stage structured reasoning, and ensemble learning to support tasks such as legal question answering, legal judgment prediction, and multilingual outcome prediction. Hallucination, lim...

Toward a cognitive framework of expert singing-voice evaluation in bel canto pedagogy: a longitudinal exploratory study

Classical singing pedagogy relies on expert judgments that integrate auditory-perceptual cues, embodied pedagogical knowledge, and specialized evaluative language. This exploratory, longitudinal study proposes a cognitive framework, centered on Polanyi’s concept of tacit knowledge, for describing how experienced bel ca...

Treatment adaptations to family-based treatment for children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa or atypical anorexia nervosa, and their evidence-base: a systematic review

This systematic review aimed to identify and describe existing adaptations to outpatient manualised FBT for children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa or atypical anorexia nervosa (AN/AAN), and to examine the degree to which these are informed by factors that may influence treatment non-completion or non-resp...

Agentic AI-Driven Data Engineering: A Framework for Self-Directed Enterprise Data Pipelines

Enterprise data pipelines have grown in scale and interdependency faster than the operational practices used to maintain them. Pipeline failures are still predominantly diagnosed and remediated by human engineers reading logs, tracing lineage, and applying tacit knowledge, which produces long mean-time-to-recovery and...

Psychological outcomes of primary-school physical education interventions: a systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis

Physical education (PE) offers opportunities for psychological learning, but evidence of benefit depends on the outcome, design, and instructional context. This systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis included 74 reports from 70 trial families of primary-school PE interventions. Four databases covered...

Modeling L2 writing processes beyond pause thresholds: A window-level hidden Markov approach to keystroke-logging data

Keystroke logging has made second language (L2) writing visible as a sequence of pauses, production, cursor movement, and editing, yet much evidence is still analyzed through fixed pause cut-offs or isolated process measures. This study examined whether a window-level hidden Markov model (HMM) could provide an interpre...

The Arrival Cliff

The honeymoon ends. Within days or weeks of landing, most international students hit a sharp dip in confidence—the “arrival cliff”—when novelty stops compensating for cumulative friction: a missed bureaucratic deadline, a familiar gesture suddenly read as inappropriate, a class discussion that moves three steps ahead o...