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429 papers

#software testing Open access Aug 2026

Sequence Allocation in the Implicit Association Test: Analysis and Reproducibility Package

v.3.0.0 This release provides the reproducibility package supporting the manuscript: Sequence sensitivity varies across Implicit Association Tests and participant groups: a cross-domain analysis of Project Implicit archives Included cross-domain sequence-sensitivity analyses for 12 Project Implicit IAT domains in 2019; cross-year replication analyses for nine overlapping domains in 2021; subgroup heterogeneity analyses across demographic and archival groups; equal-sequence and sequence-allocation analyses; finite-sample resampling analyses; orientation and score-direction validation across all included domain-year datasets; final evidential audit and machine-readable audit tables; publication figures and compact manuscript-facing outputs. Main reproducibility additions analysis_cross_domain_sequence_sensitivity/ cross-domain and cross-year gamma estimates; subgroup gamma comparisons; allocation and standardization summaries; finite-sample results; final domain-year orientation validation; final subgroup heterogeneity magnitude summaries. Data Raw Project Implicit data and participant-level derived data are not redistributed. Public source archives and dataset-specific provenance are documented in the repository and supporting materials. License Analysis software is released under the MIT License. Source datasets remain governed by their original repository terms.

Felipe de Oliveira Matos, Marlos Andrade de Lima, Cristian Zanon et al. · 0 citations
#software testing Open access Aug 2026

Code Factory: Proof-by-Sabotage Software Factory

Your AI can say the test passed. Code Factory asks whether the test could ever have failed. Solo developers start with one local proof; teams bind the real diff, intent, independent checks, and receipts instead of trusting an agent's narrative. Version 0.45.1 adds a deterministic AppForge App Review evidence gate: 30 policy and release-risk checks bind the exact app build to required evidence, preserve unknowns, and keep final submission under named human control. The Graph Ops mission-control storyboard turns that review into a visible mission, tension, guidance, agency, transformation, and ready handoff. The workflow is designed to reduce avoidable App Review rework and waiting time; it does not guarantee approval or claim a measured rejection-rate reduction. Supplied local observations are not provider certification, payment settlement, production proof, security or compliance certification, or release authority. Dual licensed under MIT or Apache-2.0.

Richard Katz · 0 citations
#software testing Dataset Open access Aug 2026

Data and code for: Assessing boundary discontinuities in environmental protection systems in Cundinamarca, Colombia, using NDVI and spatial regression discontinuity

This repository contains the data, scripts, and processed outputs supporting the manuscript “Assessing boundary discontinuities in environmental protection systems in Cundinamarca, Colombia, using NDVI and spatial regression discontinuity”. The repository includes Google Earth Engine scripts used to generate annual Landsat-derived NDVI composites for 2015, 2017, 2022, and 2024; Stata do-files used to estimate annual spatial regression discontinuity models, difference-in-discontinuities models, placebo cutoff tests, density continuity tests, and manuscript figures; processed analytical datasets; statistical output tables; and figure files. The study evaluates localized boundary-level differences in vegetation condition across multiple environmental protection systems in Cundinamarca, Colombia, including protected areas registered in the National System of Protected Areas, Indigenous reserves, and Payment for Ecosystem Services schemes. The empirical approach uses institutional boundaries as geographic thresholds to compare NDVI values for pixels located immediately outside and inside protection systems. The repository is intended to support transparency and reproducibility of the analyses reported in the manuscript. Users should consult the README file and data dictionary for details on file structure, variable definitions, software requirements, and the recommended workflow for reproducing the results.

Andrés José Vergara Narváez, Tania Jiménez, Gastón Ballut-Dajud · 0 citations
#software testing Open access Aug 2026

O: Observer and the Conceptual Resolution — The Mens Protocol and the Layered Coupling of Relativity with Quantum Mechanics

This paper establishes the observer as a physical node embedded in the causal graph and resolves the conceptual relation between General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics within the N.E.A. (Network Emergent Architecture) framework. The Mens Protocol defines the observer as a self-referential sampling operator, subject to the same finite bandwidth B=1 as every other node. The Stride-10 sampling window imposes a Nyquist limit on perceptual resolution. An SVD spectral audit reveals that over 95% of perceptual energy is concentrated in a single dominant mode across all tested lattice sizes — the topological origin of the subjective flow of time. This dominant mode is not a saturation plateau claim; the trend is monotonic and robust, with verification on larger lattices left as future numerical work. Three spatial dimensions are inherited from the d=3 efficiency plateau (H); the temporal dimension is inherited from the dominant singular mode of the directed sampling operator. Special and General Relativity are shown to be the geometry of bandwidth allocation on the causal graph (hardware). Motion is defined as the re-indexing of adjacency edges; the Pythagorean constraint f_int^2 + f_ext^2 = B^2 yields time dilation as an algebraic necessity. The 1/r gravitational potential is the Discrete Green's Function of the 3D graph Laplacian — a topological fingerprint of three-dimensional space. Quantum Mechanics describes the information-theoretic limits of observing that hardware with finite resources (software). The wavefunction arises as a beat envelope from aliased sampling, inheriting linearity from hardware unitarity. Measurement collapse is bandwidth hijacking. The uncertainty principle is the Nyquist limit, with a dimensionless uncertainty floor from the bandwidth constraint. Pauli exclusion is buffer-overflow protection with spin-±1/2 as time-division multiplexing. Entanglement is interpreted as a candidate topological trace on the 1D causal skeleton mandated by the Being Tax — a hypothesis, not yet a derivation. These two descriptions are not contradictory but are descriptively orthogonal, dynamically coupled layers of a single computational stack governed by the Pythagorean bandwidth constraint. The contradiction dissolves upon recognizing that physicists have been attempting to locate hardware bus specifications within software rendering algorithms. The observer's sampling rent is quantitatively denominated in Zhangyu (ZY): H_obs ≈ 1.0117 ZY as a preliminary numerical estimate. The hydrogen atom spectrum is reproduced on the discrete C8 lattice, converging to the continuum Schrödinger limit with 0.0024% deviation. ħ is demoted from fundamental status: ħ = Z × t_Tick, the product of bandwidth currency and the Tick. The preferred basis problem (OP-8), the first-principles derivation of the GR coefficient 2GM/c² (OP-O1), and Bell statistics for skeletal entanglement (OP-24) are honestly marked as open problems. The Born rule is identified as a maximum-entropy hypothesis, not yet a formal derivation from graph topology. A complete Scope and Logical Boundaries declaration is included, alongside extended classical references (Nyquist, Shannon, Born, Einstein, Bell).

Yu Zhang · 0 citations
#software testing Dataset Open access Aug 2026

PGR-Guard for IT-to-OT Cyberattack Detection]{PGR-Guard: Cross-Layer Detection and Prevention of IT-to-OT Cyberattacks in Small Power-Generation Facilities

This repository contains the reproducibility package for the study “PGR-Guard: Cross-Layer Detection and Prevention of IT-to-OT Cyberattacks in Small Power-Generation Facilities.” The study introduces PGR-Guard, an applied cybersecurity framework designed to detect and interrupt multi-stage attack progression from information technology environments into operational technology and cyber-physical processes. The framework correlates five security layers: identity activity, network behavior, operational technology protocol activity, controller state, and physical-process context. The repository includes the synthetic/emulated dataset, Python source code, holdout evaluation results, confidence intervals, scenario-level detection results, ablation analysis, statistical significance tests, threshold-selection results, and publication figures used in the manuscript. The evaluation models ten representative attack scenarios, including password spraying, valid-account compromise, internal reconnaissance, IT-to-OT traversal, engineering workstation access, PLC discovery, unauthorized controller reads and writes, controller task modification, and operational disruption. The experiments compare PGR-Guard with signature-based intrusion detection, OT-only anomaly detection, and an independent multi-sensor baseline. On the separated holdout evaluation set, PGR-Guard achieved approximately 0.990 precision, 0.879 recall, 0.931 F1 score, 2.55-second mean time to detection, 97.8% attack interruption rate, and 99.7% Cyber-Physical Prevention Rate (CPPR). The package contains: reproduce_pgr_guard.py — end-to-end reproducibility script PGR_Guard_synthetic_trials.csv — trial-level synthetic/emulated dataset holdout performance and confidence-interval files attack-scenario detection results ablation-study results statistical significance analyses threshold-selection results publication figures data dictionary and software requirements Important data provenance note: the included dataset is generated from a controlled synthetic/emulated OT cybersecurity model. It does not contain telemetry from the 2026 UK power-generation cyber incident, a real utility, a physical power-generation facility, or a physical PLC testbed. The results should therefore be interpreted as controlled emulation results rather than real-world operational measurements. Fixed random seeds are included in the source code to support reproducibility. The repository is intended to support independent verification, extension, and comparison of cross-layer IT-to-OT cyberattack detection methods.

Halil Dursunoglu · 0 citations
#software testing Open access Aug 2026

Supplementary data for "One clip, many genomes: how genome state may shape the use of tandem HMG-box proteins in organellar nucleoids"

This dataset contains the underlying data and analysis files associated with the review article “One clip, many genomes: how genome state may shape the use of tandem HMG-box proteins in organellar nucleoids” by Mari Takusagawa and Yoshiki Nishimura. The deposited files support the phylogenetic and structure-based analyses presented in Figs. 2 and 3 of the article. The dataset includes: HMG-box amino-acid sequences, the MAFFT alignment, maximum-likelihood phylogenetic trees, IQ-TREE reports, and approximately unbiased (AU) test outputs underlying Fig. 2; numerical structural-similarity matrices, AlphaFold Database predicted-aligned-error matrices, and protein biophysical properties underlying Fig. 3; AlphaFold3 input specifications, predicted TFAM–DNA and HLP–DNA models, and associated confidence summaries; and the Python script and tabulated results used to estimate DNA bend angles from the predicted models. The TFAM and HLP modelling jobs used the same 30-bp DNA sequence. The bend-angle analysis fits principal axes to the outer thirds of the two DNA arms while excluding the bent apex. These computational models and analyses are provided to support inspection and reproducibility. AlphaFold3 model geometry is predictive and should not be interpreted as experimental evidence for HLP-mediated DNA bending or HBD1-mediated DNA bridging. No supplementary figures or supplementary tables are included in this deposit. A detailed description of the files, software versions and directory structure is provided in README.txt. The CC BY 4.0 licence applies to the authors’ original compilation, analyses and documentation. Third-party source data and prediction outputs remain subject to the terms of their respective providers.

Mari Takusagawa, Yoshiki Nishimura · 0 citations
#software testing Open access Aug 2026

Pengaruh Work Life Balance & Family Supportive Supervisor Behavior (FSSB) terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Generasi Z

The purpose of this study is to determine whether Work-Life Balance, Family Supportive Supervisor Behavior (FSSB) significantly affect Employee Performance at the HokBen Store in Tangerang City. The sample in this study was 107 HokBen Store employees in Tangerang City. Data collected through a questionnaire with a Likert Scale processed using Microsoft 2016 Software and SPSS v.25 Software. The sampling technique used in this study is non probability Sampling using saturated sampling. The research method used is multiple linear regression. Data analysis techniques are used to test the Validity Test, Reliability Test, Descriptive Analysis Test, Classical Assumption Test, Normality Test, Heteroscedasticity Test, Multicollinearity Test, Correlation Coefficient Analysis Test, Simple Correlation Analysis Test, Multiple Linear Regression Analysis Test, Determination Coefficient Test, T Test, F Test The results of this study indicate that Work-Life Balance (X1) has a positive and significant effect on Employee Performance at the HokBen Store in Tangerang City. Family Supportive Supervisor Behavior (FSSB) (X2) has a positive and significant effect on Employee Performance (Y) at the HokBen Store in Tangerang City.

Hayrun Nisa, Dwi Kristanto · 0 citations
#software testing Open access Aug 2026

Supplementary data for "One clip, many genomes: how genome state may shape the use of tandem HMG-box proteins in organellar nucleoids"

This dataset contains the underlying data and analysis files associated with the review article “One clip, many genomes: how genome state may shape the use of tandem HMG-box proteins in organellar nucleoids” by Mari Takusagawa and Yoshiki Nishimura. The deposited files support the phylogenetic and structure-based analyses presented in Figs. 2 and 3 of the article. The dataset includes: HMG-box amino-acid sequences, the MAFFT alignment, maximum-likelihood phylogenetic trees, IQ-TREE reports, and approximately unbiased (AU) test outputs underlying Fig. 2; numerical structural-similarity matrices, AlphaFold Database predicted-aligned-error matrices, and protein biophysical properties underlying Fig. 3; AlphaFold3 input specifications, predicted TFAM–DNA and HLP–DNA models, and associated confidence summaries; and the Python script and tabulated results used to estimate DNA bend angles from the predicted models. The TFAM and HLP modelling jobs used the same 30-bp DNA sequence. The bend-angle analysis fits principal axes to the outer thirds of the two DNA arms while excluding the bent apex. These computational models and analyses are provided to support inspection and reproducibility. AlphaFold3 model geometry is predictive and should not be interpreted as experimental evidence for HLP-mediated DNA bending or HBD1-mediated DNA bridging. No supplementary figures or supplementary tables are included in this deposit. A detailed description of the files, software versions and directory structure is provided in README.txt. The CC BY 4.0 licence applies to the authors’ original compilation, analyses and documentation. Third-party source data and prediction outputs remain subject to the terms of their respective providers.

Mari Takusagawa, Yoshiki Nishimura · 0 citations
#software testing Dataset Open access Aug 2026

PGR-Guard for IT-to-OT Cyberattack Detection]{PGR-Guard: Cross-Layer Detection and Prevention of IT-to-OT Cyberattacks in Small Power-Generation Facilities

This repository contains the reproducibility package for the study “PGR-Guard: Cross-Layer Detection and Prevention of IT-to-OT Cyberattacks in Small Power-Generation Facilities.” The study introduces PGR-Guard, an applied cybersecurity framework designed to detect and interrupt multi-stage attack progression from information technology environments into operational technology and cyber-physical processes. The framework correlates five security layers: identity activity, network behavior, operational technology protocol activity, controller state, and physical-process context. The repository includes the synthetic/emulated dataset, Python source code, holdout evaluation results, confidence intervals, scenario-level detection results, ablation analysis, statistical significance tests, threshold-selection results, and publication figures used in the manuscript. The evaluation models ten representative attack scenarios, including password spraying, valid-account compromise, internal reconnaissance, IT-to-OT traversal, engineering workstation access, PLC discovery, unauthorized controller reads and writes, controller task modification, and operational disruption. The experiments compare PGR-Guard with signature-based intrusion detection, OT-only anomaly detection, and an independent multi-sensor baseline. On the separated holdout evaluation set, PGR-Guard achieved approximately 0.990 precision, 0.879 recall, 0.931 F1 score, 2.55-second mean time to detection, 97.8% attack interruption rate, and 99.7% Cyber-Physical Prevention Rate (CPPR). The package contains: reproduce_pgr_guard.py — end-to-end reproducibility script PGR_Guard_synthetic_trials.csv — trial-level synthetic/emulated dataset holdout performance and confidence-interval files attack-scenario detection results ablation-study results statistical significance analyses threshold-selection results publication figures data dictionary and software requirements Important data provenance note: the included dataset is generated from a controlled synthetic/emulated OT cybersecurity model. It does not contain telemetry from the 2026 UK power-generation cyber incident, a real utility, a physical power-generation facility, or a physical PLC testbed. The results should therefore be interpreted as controlled emulation results rather than real-world operational measurements. Fixed random seeds are included in the source code to support reproducibility. The repository is intended to support independent verification, extension, and comparison of cross-layer IT-to-OT cyberattack detection methods.

Halil Dursunoglu · 0 citations

Dampak Gaya Manajerial dan Kedisiplinan Organisasional pada Efektivitas Kerja Pegawai melalui Pemenuhan Ekspektasi Kerja

This study aims to investigate the causality mechanisms linking managerial style and organizational discipline to employee work effectiveness through the mediation of work expectation fulfillment. Focusing on PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk Pekalongan Branch, this research outlines performance optimization challenges within a dynamic state-owned banking ecosystem. The inquiry emphasizes aligning leadership and rule compliance to foster a productive work climate. The inclusion of work expectation fulfillment clarifies psychological pathways transforming structural drivers into sustainable staff operational achievements, while addressing integration gaps between managerial orientation and internal banking regulatory compliance. An exploratory-explanatory quantitative approach was applied to test the proposed structural hypotheses. From a population of 180 employees, a sample of 120 respondents was drawn using purposive sampling based on specific operational qualification criteria. Primary data were collected via a structured Likert-scale questionnaire validated for validity and reliability. Measurement model evaluation and causal relationship testing were comprehensively analyzed using SmartPLS software. Variance-based Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was selected to estimate direct and indirect paths simultaneously. Empirical findings confirm that managerial style and organizational discipline positively and significantly influence employee work effectiveness, both directly and indirectly through work expectation fulfillment. Work expectation fulfillment acts as a solid mediating variable transmitting leadership and rule compliance impacts onto performance achievement. Practical implications emphasize the necessity for management to prioritize aligning adaptive managerial supervision, fair regulatory enforcement, and psychological contract fulfillment to realize optimal, sustainable operational effectiveness.

Aditya Angger Wibowo · 0 citations

Prospective evaluation of hearing aid fitting adjusted toward one-third functional gain in patients with sensorineural hearing loss.

OBJECTIVE To prospectively evaluate whether modifying DSL version 5-based hearing aid (HA) fittings by adjusting gain on HA fitting software so that measured functional gain (FG) approached a one-third gain (1/3G) target could provide appropriate fitting outcomes in patients with sensorineural hearing loss. METHODS Twenty-four patients (48 ears) with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss underwent initial HA fitting using the DSL version 5 prescription formula. FG was measured at 250-4000 Hz, and HA gain was adjusted on HA fitting software so that FG approached the target 1/3 G. Speech discrimination scores at 65 and 80 dB SPL were evaluated after a two-week trial period using the 67-S Japanese monosyllable word list. Based on speech discrimination test results, ears were classified as well-fitting or non-well-fitting. FG values were compared between the two groups. RESULTS Twenty-one patients (42 ears) completed the study. Thirty-one ears (73%) were classified as well-fitting. Although HA gain was adjusted toward the target 1/3 G, measured FG values at 250 and 500 Hz remained lower than the target values. In well-fitting ears, low-frequency FG values were lower than the target 1/3 G, whereas FG at 2000 Hz was close to the target value. In contrast, non-well-fitting ears showed low-frequency FG values closer to the target 1/3 G, whereas FG values at 2000 and 4000 Hz remained below the target values. CONCLUSIONS Although HAs adjusted toward a 1/3 G target did not achieve the intended FG values, particularly at low frequencies, relatively favorable fitting outcomes were obtained in approximately three-quarters of the ears. In well-fitting ears, low-frequency FG remained below the target 1/3 G, whereas FG in the mid-frequency range around 2000 Hz was close to the target value. These findings provide a basis for future prospective studies to clarify how these FG characteristics should be applied to optimize HA adjustment.

Unknown authors · 0 citations

OcuTOP: a novel handheld corneal topography device with misalignment correction.

PURPOSE This study aimed to develop and validate OcuTOP, a novel handheld corneal topography device designed to overcome the limitations of conventional desktop systems. By incorporating software-based misalignment correction, OcuTOP seeks to provide accurate corneal curvature measurements without need for bulky mechanical alignment mechanisms. Validation was performed using a reference surface with known geometry to assess device accuracy and robustness. METHODS The OcuTOP device (75 g; 85 × 60 × 60 mm) was evaluated using a reference button with a known curvature (43.3 D). Controlled misalignments were introduced in longitudinal (Z: 42.5-43.5 mm), lateral (X: ±2 mm), and vertical (Y: ±2 mm) directions, generating 243 test cases. Images acquired by the device were analysed using neural network algorithms to estimate misalignment parameters, which were subsequently used to correct axial and tangential curvature maps and estimate button diameter, analogous to white-to-white corneal diameter. RESULTS OcuTOP demonstrated strong agreement with reference curvature values across all misalignment conditions (P for K1 & K2 = 0.365, 0.385 at Z = 42.5 mm; 0.606, 0.907 at Z = 43.0 mm; 0.297, 0.462 at Z = 43.5 mm). Even at maximum displacement (±2 mm in X and Y), central curvature predictions remained within 2% of true values, with mean astigmatism artifacts limited to <0.2 D at the apex of the surface. However, the errors in estimating curvature values increased progressively towards the periphery. Neural network estimation of Z distance achieved a mean error of 0.06 ± 0.05 mm, with no significant influence on the ability of the device to estimate curvature. WTW predictions were also consistent, with a mean value of 11.66 mm, differing by <1.5% from the reference diameter. CONCLUSIONS OcuTOP's software-based correction reliably compensates for translational and longitudinal misalignments, showing promising results for future studies enabling accurate corneal surface measurements without mechanical stabilisation.

Vimal Manoharan Nair, Ya-Bo Ye, Yuanwan Lou et al. · 0 citations

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MIT News · Artificial Intelligence Aug 17, 2026

Q&A: Rethinking how innovation happens

In his latest book, Professor Eugene Fitzgerald examines the forces that turn breakthroughs into value — and why innovation resists simple formulas.