ETHICS AND LEGAL LIABILITY IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE APPLIED TO MEDICINE
TL;DR
It is concluded that the responsible use of artificial intelligence in medicine depends on human supervision, professional training, and the integration of bioethical principles, ensuring technological innovation aligned with safety and patient-centered care.
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed contemporary medicine, contributing to advances in diagnosis, clinical monitoring, therapeutic personalization, and medical decision support. However, its application presents ethical and legal challenges related to algorithmic transparency, data protection, technological biases, professional autonomy, and accountability for potential failures. The objective of this study was to analyze the ethical limits and legal liability associated with the use of artificial intelligence in medicine. This is a narrative literature review with a qualitative approach, based on scientific articles, books, legislation, and national and international documents published between 2018 and 2025. The analyzed studies demonstrate that AI has the potential to improve healthcare, but its implementation requires attention to risks related to system explainability, equity, information security, and regulation. It is concluded that the responsible use of artificial intelligence in medicine depends on human supervision, professional training, and the integration of bioethical principles, ensuring technological innovation aligned with safety and patient-centered care.