Factores asociados a IAAS en pacientes ingresados en UCI del Hospital Manolo Morales de Enero 2020 – Diciembre 2023.

Abstract

Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) constitute a serious public health problem at both global and local levels. At the Hospital Escuela Manolo Morales in Managua, Nicaragua, a prevalence of 8.1% was reported in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) between 2020 and 2023. Therefore, the objective of this descriptive, observational, and retrospective study was to identify the sociodemographic, clinical, and hospitalization factors associated with HAIs in 171 adult patients from this ICU during the study period; data were obtained from clinical records and subsequently analyzed using SPSS software. The main findings revealed that HAIs were associated with the age group over 60 years (25%), male sex (58.3%), and the presence of comorbidities such as the combination of Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension (18.3%). Predominant hospitalization factors included an ICU stay of 1 to 2 weeks (51.7%) and the use of 2 to 3 invasive devices (63.3%). The most frequent types of infection were Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) (31.7%) and Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection (CLABSI) (28.4%). In conclusion, susceptibility to HAIs is marked by advanced age, chronic disease burden, and the intensity of invasive procedures.