Survival rate in patients with pancreatic cancer in Guilan province, Iran
TL;DR
Male sex, advanced stage, low BMI, and blood group O were major determinants of poorer survival in pancreatic cancer, emphasizing the need for individualized treatment and closer follow-up among high-risk groups.
Abstract
Background: Pancreatic cancer is among the deadliest malignancies globally, marked by poor prognosis and limited survival. This research investigated the demographic and clinical determinants affecting overall survival in patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in Guilan Province, Iran. Methods: A total of 50 pathologically and radiologically confirmed cases of pancreatic cancer were analyzed. Demographic, anthropometric, and clinical data were extracted from medical records. Survival probabilities were estimated using the Kaplan--Meier method, and intergroup differences were tested using the log-rank test. Cox proportional hazards modeling identified predictors of mortality, with significance defined at p < 0.05. Statistical analyses were conducted in SPSS (v16) and GraphPad Prism (v8). Results: The majority of patients were male (60%) and over 60 years old (58%), while 46% had normal BMI and 40% had blood group O. Comorbidities were present in 42%, and 32% were diagnosed at stage IV. Mean and median survival were 39.6 and 9.0 months, respectively. One-, three-, and five-year survival rates were 45.2%, 31.3%, and 23.5%. Advanced tumor stage (III/IV) significantly predicted shorter survival (p < 0.001). Underweight individuals had higher mortality risk (HR = 2.79; 95% CI: 1.21--6.42; P = 0.016). In multivariate models, male gender, blood group O, and advanced disease remained independent negative prognostic indicators. Conclusion: Male sex, advanced stage, low BMI, and blood group O were major determinants of poorer survival in pancreatic cancer. These results emphasize the need for individualized treatment and closer follow-up among high-risk groups.