Students' perspectives on the effectiveness of ChatGPT in virtual learning

Abstract

This research investigates how students perceive chat generative pre-trained transformer (ChatGPT) as a learning aid, examining its effects on engagement, usability, and educational achievement. Using the technology acceptance model (TAM) as the conceptual framework, a 24-item survey was designed and administered through simple random sampling. Results reveal that students largely view ChatGPT positively, describing it as an accessible and beneficial tool that promotes flexible and independent learning. The findings confirm TAM predictions, showing that perceived ease of use and favorable attitudes significantly influence adoption. By combining insights from both distance and on-campus learners, the study enriches understanding of how generative artificial intelligence enhances cognitive development and learning adaptability. Overall, the research reflects cautious optimism about ChatGPT’s pedagogical value, acknowledging both its educational benefits and challenges while underscoring the essential role of usability and learner attitudes in fostering sustained artificial intelligence utilization in higher education.