Analysis of STEAM PBL-Based E-Worksheet to Improve Critical Thinking Skills

Abstract

The 21st-century learning paradigm emphasizes critical thinking and problem-solving skills as essential competencies that must be developed to equip students to address increasingly complex global challenges and demands. Therefore, learning in schools should be designed to be innovative and contextual. This study aimed to evaluate the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of a problem-based learning e-worksheet incorporating the STEAM approach to enhance critical thinking skills in biology at State Senior High School 11 Palembang. The research model used the 4D development model, consisting of define, design, develop, and disseminate. The analysis techniques used include the Wilcoxon test, the Mann-Whitney test, and the N-gain analysis. Data collection techniques were interviews, questionnaires, and observations. The research population was students of grades X.2 and X.5. The analysis of the define stage showed that teachers and students need an e-worksheet based on the PBL model with the STEAM approach. The design stage included designing an e-worksheet. In the develop stage, the feasibility of the developed teaching materials was assessed at 90% from the aspects of language, materials, media, learning tools, and evaluation, so that it was categorized as very good. The practicality of the teaching tools was categorized as practical by teachers, with a percentage of 91.25% and the teaching materials could be read very well by students, with a percentage of 81%. The effectiveness of the e-worksheet based on the PBL model with the STEAM approach showed that the N-gain value for the control class was 0.33 (low criteria), while the experimental class was 0.78 (high criteria). In conclusion, an e-worksheet based on the PBL model with the STEAM approach can improve students' critical thinking skills.