Railway transport infrastructure development policy in the Pre-Caspian Region of Russia: applying China’s experience

Abstract

Russia’s roadmap for achieving strategic objectives amid hybrid competition with the West represents a comprehensive framework of targeted measures to strengthen capacities across all domains, coupled with the dynamic advancement and renewal of technological capabilities. The state interests of the Russian Federation include the sovereign right to import and export goods. To successfully implement this right, it is necessary to develop a high-quality transport infrastructure as well as cargo and passenger transportation. To achieve this goal, it is essential to implement the most modern global models and practices, increase the number of people, and the capacity of the transport infrastructure. Russia cannot afford to lag behind in this area. After analyzing the information and interviewing experts on the transport infrastructure of the Pre-Caspian Region, we can say that the region has a weak innovative approach to railway transport policy. High-speed railways are the minimum that the Russian Federation should strive for and create infrastructure projects in this area. Transport infrastructure is one of the key resources for regional development. The Pre-Caspian Region of Russia, which includes the Astrakhan Region, Kalmykia, and the Republic of Dagestan, has a unique strategic position in the network of international transport and trade corridors connecting Europe and Asia. The Pre-Caspian Region is forming a transit hub that will stimulate economic growth, expand foreign economic relations, and increase the country’s transport and logistics attractiveness. The study examines the current state of railway transportation in the Pre-Caspian Region, analyzes the infrastructure potential, development level, and prospects for modernization. It assesses the challenges and opportunities of the existing transportation system in the region. The study explores the implementation of new technologies to enhance transportation efficiency and improve the quality of services for both cargo and passenger traffic. It also focuses on issues related to government regulation, security, and international cooperation. As an example, the experience of China as one of the leading countries in the field of transport communications and infrastructure projects is analyzed. The possibility of adapting successful infrastructure transport projects and innovations in Russia is considered. The transport policy of the Russian Federation in the Pre-Caspian Region should be aimed at gaining a leading position and an innovative approach. Unlike other studies, this research does not simply consider infrastructure in Russia as a whole, but focuses on the Pre-Caspian Region and uses China’s experience in high-speed rail as a model for adaptation.