Sep 2026· Current Opinion in Chemical Biology· Vol 95, pp.
102764
· 0 citations· 58 references
Medicine
TL;DR
Major findings in the field of DNA methylation biology are described and how these findings have been utilized to build DNA methylation-based epigenome editors are described.
Abstract
DNA methylation is the most abundant epigenetic modification on the human genome and plays a critical role in gene regulation, development, and is altered in many diseases. Since its discovery over a century ago, advancements in our understanding of DNA methylation have enabled the development of programmable epigenome editors for manipulating DNA methylation at target genomic loci for use in fundamental research and clinical applications. In this review, we describe major findings in the field of DNA methylation biology and how these findings have been utilized to build DNA methylation-based epigenome editors. We further discuss the usage of epigenome editors in fundamental biology and emerging clinical applications.
How specialized reader proteins and transcription factors interpret DNA methylation to preserve methylation patterns, recruit effector complexes, regulate chromatin accessibility and interact with parallel epigenetic systems to mediate transcriptional silencing and activation across mammals and plants is reviewed.
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