Adaptive Super-Twisting Sliding Mode Energy Management for Hybrid PV–Fuel Cell EV Charging Stations

Abstract

With the growing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs), there is a significant need for sustainable and efficient renewable energy-powered charging stations. An Adaptive Super-Twisting Sliding Mode Control (Adaptive STSMC)-based Energy Management Strategy (EMS) is presented for an EV charging station PV and fuel cell (FC) powered in a DC micro grid. The proposed controller is designed to regulate the power flow between EVs charging load, PV, fuel cell, battery energy storage system and utility grid under various operating conditions. The proposed Adaptive STSMC does not need to define any membership functions and expert-designed control rules, which is also more suitable to deal with the nonlinear behavior of the system and the changing operating conditions in the conventional fuzzy logic-based EMS. The controller is designed in MATLAB/Simulink environment and its performance is compared with the existing fuzzy logic controller. From the simulation results, it is proved that the proposed method has the characteristics of faster dynamic response and better power sharing characteristics, stable system operation and better control performance under the different renewable generation and load demand. Thus, the proposed Adaptive STSMC can be used as an effective and practical solution for energy management in renewable energy-based EV charging stations.