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Analisis Penetapan Biaya Penyelenggaraan Ibadah Haji Berdasarkan Teori Al-'Adalah dan Maqasid Al-Syariah

Aug 2026 · Bandung Conference Series Sharia Economic Law · Vol 6, pp. 81-88 · 0 citations

Abstract

Abstract. Indonesia, as the country with the largest Muslim population in the world, faces a fundamental issue in hajj administration, particularly regarding the fairness of Hajj Operational Cost (BPIH) determination. The proportion of Hajj Travel Cost (Bipih) to Net Benefit shifted significantly from approximately 48.8:51.2 in 2022 to 62:38 in 2025-2026, while millions of prospective pilgrims remain on the waiting list for decades without an explicit guarantee of financial-benefit distribution. This study analyzes BPIH determination from the perspective of Al-'Adalah theory and from the perspective of maqasid al-syari'ah. The conceptual framework is built on Al-'Adalah theory with its three dimensions distributive, procedural, and transactional justice as well as maqasid al-syari'ah theory, particularly hifz al-din and hifz al-mal. This research is a normative legal study of a descriptive-analytical nature, employing a conceptual approach, with data collected through library research on Law Number 8 of 2019 as amended by Law Number 14 of 2025, Law Number 34 of 2014, and Presidential Decrees on BPIH. The findings reveal that, first, BPIH determination from the Al-'Adalah perspective has only fulfilled formal procedural justice, while distributive and transactional justice still require strengthening due to the absence of a standard Net Benefit allocation formula for waiting-list pilgrims. Second, BPIH determination from the maqasid al-syari'ah perspective shows a genuine effort to achieve tawazun (balance) between hifz al-din and hifz al-mal through the declining nominal trend of BPIH balanced with prudent hajj-fund management, although disparities among embarkation points and public transparency still need improvement. This study recommends an explicit Net Benefit distribution formula and stronger transparency in BPIH policy. Abstrak. Indonesia sebagai negara dengan populasi Muslim terbesar di dunia menghadapi persoalan mendasar dalam penyelenggaraan ibadah haji, khususnya terkait keadilan penetapan Biaya Penyelenggaraan Ibadah Haji (BPIH). Proporsi Biaya Perjalanan Ibadah Haji (Bipih) terhadap Nilai Manfaat bergeser signifikan dari sekitar 48,8:51,2 pada tahun 2022 menjadi 62:38 pada tahun 2025–2026, sementara jutaan calon jemaah masih berada dalam daftar tunggu hingga puluhan tahun tanpa jaminan distribusi manfaat finansial yang eksplisit. Penelitian ini menganalisis penetapan BPIH ditinjau dari perspektif teori Al-'Adalah dan perspektif maqasid al-syari'ah. Kerangka pemikiran penelitian dibangun di atas teori Al-'Adalah dengan tiga dimensinya, yaitu keadilan distributif, prosedural, dan transaksional, serta teori maqasid al-syari'ah, khususnya hifz al-din dan hifz al-mal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif bersifat deskriptif-analitis dengan pendekatan konseptual, serta teknik pengumpulan data melalui studi kepustakaan (library research) atas Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 2019, Undang-Undang Nomor 14 Tahun 2025, Undang-Undang Nomor 34 Tahun 2014, dan Keputusan Presiden tentang BPIH. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, pertama, penetapan BPIH berdasarkan perspektif Al-'Adalah telah memenuhi aspek keadilan secara prosedural, namun keadilan dalam pembagian nilai manfaat dan keterbukaan mengenai dasar penetapan proporsi Bipih dan nilai manfaat masih perlu ditingkatkan. Kedua, penetapan BPIH dari perspektif maqasid al-syari'ah menunjukkan upaya mencapai tawazun antara hifz al-din dan hifz al-mal melalui tren penurunan nominal BPIH yang diimbangi pengelolaan dana haji secara prudent, meskipun perbedaan embarkasi dan transparansi publik masih perlu diperbaiki. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penyusunan formula distribusi Nilai Manfaat yang eksplisit dan penguatan transparansi kebijakan BPIH.

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