Evaluating the Relationship Between Early Non‐Motor Symptoms and Late Diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease Based on the PPMI Database From 2012 to 2018: A Retrospective Cross‐Sectional Study
Aug 2026· Health Science Reports· Vol 9· 0 citations· 34 references
Medicine
TL;DR
Socio‐demographic variables, rather than individual non‐motor symptoms, demonstrate the strongest independent associations with diagnostic timing in this cohort, highlighting the need for socio‐demographically tailored screening strategies in the prodromal phase of PD.
Abstract
Parkinson's (PD) diagnosis is frequently delayed, particularly when patients present with non‐motor symptoms (NMS). This study evaluates the association between NMS, socio‐demographic factors, and diagnostic timing in PD using PPMI data. We aimed to determine how clinical and demographic profiles influence the interval between NMS onset and clinical diagnosis, acknowledging that this interval reflects both biological disease progression and healthcare‐related factors.
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