Exploring Digital Transformation and Organizational Capabilities Through Bibliometric Insights

Abstract

Over the last decade, scholarship on digital transformation, digital capabilities, and organizational performance has expanded rapidly. However, a holistic map of their intellectual structure within highly regulated micro-financial contexts has been missing. Drawing on a comprehensive corpus of 12,557 peer-reviewed articles indexed in the Scopus database, this study applies a Bibliometric-Systematic Literature Review (B-SLR) framework and VOSviewer techniques, including co-citation, bibliographic coupling, country collaboration, and keyword co-occurrence, to illuminate how the field has evolved, who drives it, and where the next frontiers lie. Results reveal an accelerating publication trajectory after 2024 and a concentrated output across interdisciplinary management, strategy, and financial stability journals. While developed Western economies and major East Asian hubs lead in volume, distinct regional ecosystems emerge with variable structural efficiencies. Multiple keyword clusters are unveiled, ranging from the micro-foundations of dynamic technological capabilities and strategic agility to systems-level regulatory environment compliance and localized banking intermediation. Co-authorship and institutional networks expose fragmented collaboration patterns with prominent gatekeepers but limited cross-regional integration. Synthesizing these structural trends, the paper highlights three urgent research frontiers: integrating capabilities across the structural adoption-continuance cycle, contextualising dynamic strategies under stringent institutional bounds in lower-middle-income emerging settings (such as the Bank Perekonomian Rakyat or BPR sector in Indonesia under the UU P2SK omnibus mandate), and embedding granular technological risk parameters into macro-economic banking models.