Navigating Employee Well-Being in the Age of Digital Transformation: A PRISMA-Based Systematic Review

Abstract

Digital transformation constantly changes the work practices and employee experiences of contemporary work environments. Studies have documented the adverse impact of cutting-edge technologies, such as artificial intelligence, algorithmic systems, and digital platforms on employees’ well-being. However, such findings remain fragmented across technologies, disciplines, and well-being constructs, limiting a coherent understanding of how digitally transformed work conditions affect employees. This study systematically reviews the literature on digital transformation and employee well-being to clarify the conditions, mechanisms, and outcomes that are most consistently identified in prior research. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method, this study identified, screened, and selected 57 peer-reviewed articles (2014–2025) on digital transformation and employee well-being. The Gioia inductive analytical approach was used to synthesise the reviewed studies and to develop higher-order conceptual dimensions. Five interrelated aggregate dimensions were identified: digital transformation conditions, digital resources and demands, mediating processes, contextual factors, and employee well-being outcomes. The findings indicate that employee well-being depends significantly on how digitally intensified demands and available resources are configured, interpreted, and mediated within specific organisational contexts. This review highlights the need for more temporally sensitive, context-specific, and resource-oriented research, and proposes an integrative framework to guide future research and support the design of healthier and sustainable digital workplaces.