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INTEGRATING INQUIRY-BASED LEARNING IN MACROECONOMICS: ENHANCING DIGITAL COMPETENCE AND CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS

Sep 2026 · ACADEMIA Jurnal Inovasi Riset Akademik · Vol 6 · 0 citations

Abstract

The rapid development of digital technology in higher education requires students not only to master macroeconomic concepts but also to develop digital competence and critical thinking skills to process information, analyze data, and make evidence-based decisions. However, Macroeconomics instruction that remains predominantly focused on content delivery does not always provide sufficient opportunities for students to develop these competencies in an integrated manner. This study aimed to develop and implement an Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) model in a Macroeconomics course to enhance students’ digital competence and critical thinking skills. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model, consisting of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. The participants were 60 students enrolled in the Accounting Education Study Program at Universitas Negeri Medan, while the feasibility of the model was evaluated by experts in instructional design, subject matter, and educational technology. Data were collected through expert validation sheets, observations, and pretest–posttest instruments and were analyzed descriptively and using the N-Gain score. The results showed that the developed IBL model was categorized as highly feasible, with validation scores of 90% for the learning model, 90% for teaching materials, 85% for the learning strategy, and 88.5% for student responses. The implementation of the model resulted in an N-Gain score of 0.71, categorized as high, indicating improvement in students’ abilities to explore and analyze data, construct evidence-based arguments, and utilize digital technologies in Macroeconomics learning. The novelty of this study lies in the development of an IBL model that systematically integrates inquiry stages, digital activities, and critical thinking indicators into Macroeconomics instruction. The developed model provides an alternative instructional approach for strengthening students’ digital competence and higher-order thinking skills in higher education. ABSTRAK Perkembangan teknologi digital dalam pendidikan tinggi menuntut mahasiswa tidak hanya menguasai konsep makroekonomi, tetapi juga memiliki kompetensi digital dan kemampuan berpikir kritis untuk mengolah informasi, menganalisis data, serta mengambil keputusan berbasis bukti. Namun, pembelajaran Makroekonomi yang masih cenderung berorientasi pada penyampaian materi belum sepenuhnya memberikan ruang bagi mahasiswa untuk mengembangkan kedua kompetensi tersebut secara terintegrasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan dan mengimplementasikan model Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) pada mata kuliah Makroekonomi untuk meningkatkan kompetensi digital dan kemampuan berpikir kritis mahasiswa. Penelitian menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) dengan model ADDIE yang meliputi tahap analisis, desain, pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Subjek penelitian terdiri atas 60 mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Akuntansi Universitas Negeri Medan, sedangkan kelayakan model divalidasi oleh ahli desain pembelajaran, ahli materi, dan ahli teknologi pendidikan. Data dikumpulkan melalui lembar validasi, observasi, serta instrumen pretest dan posttest, kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif dan menggunakan N-Gain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model IBL yang dikembangkan berada pada kategori sangat layak, dengan skor validasi model pembelajaran sebesar 90%, bahan ajar sebesar 90%, strategi pembelajaran sebesar 85%, dan respons mahasiswa sebesar 88,5%. Implementasi model menghasilkan nilai N-Gain sebesar 0,71 yang termasuk kategori tinggi, menunjukkan peningkatan kemampuan mahasiswa dalam mengeksplorasi dan menganalisis data, membangun argumentasi berbasis bukti, serta memanfaatkan teknologi digital dalam pembelajaran Makroekonomi. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada pengembangan model IBL yang secara sistematis mengintegrasikan tahapan inquiry, aktivitas digital, dan indikator berpikir kritis dalam pembelajaran Makroekonomi. Model yang dikembangkan dapat menjadi alternatif pembelajaran untuk mendukung penguatan kompetensi digital dan keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi mahasiswa di pendidikan tinggi.

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