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Counting pairs of conics over finite fields that satisfy the Poncelet <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> </mml:math> -gon condition

Sep 2026 · Journal de Théorie des Nombres de Bordeaux · 0 citations · 15 references

Abstract

<jats:p> An ordered pair of smooth conics satisfies the Poncelet triangle condition if there is a triangle inscribed in the first conic and circumscribed in the second conic. Over a finite field <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>𝔽</mml:mi> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:math> with characteristic greater than <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:math> , Chipalkatti showed that the density of pairs of smooth conics satisfying the Poncelet triangle condition is <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mfrac> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> </mml:mfrac> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>O</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . We improve this result, showing that the density is exactly <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mfrac> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:mfrac> </mml:math> . </jats:p> <jats:p> We consider the problem of determining the density of pairs of conics satisfying the Poncelet <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> </mml:math> -gon condition for larger <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> </mml:math> . We prove a corrected version of a conjecture of Chipalkatti, showing that the proportion of pairs of smooth conics satisfying the Poncelet tetragon condition is <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mfrac> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> </mml:mfrac> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>O</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . We show that when <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> </mml:math> is an odd integer coprime to <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> </mml:math> , the density of pairs of smooth conics satisfying this condition is <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mfrac> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>d</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> </mml:mfrac> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>O</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , where <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>d</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> is the number of divisors of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> </mml:math> . More generally, we conjecture that the density of pairs of conics satisfying the Poncelet <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> </mml:math> -gon condition is <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>d</mml:mi> <mml:mi>′</mml:mi> </mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> in general, where <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>d</mml:mi> <mml:mi>′</mml:mi> </mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> is the number of divisors of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> </mml:math> not equal to <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:math> or <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:math> . Our argument involves analyzing the <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> </mml:math> -torsion points on a certain elliptic curve over the function field <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>K</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>𝔽</mml:mi> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . </jats:p>

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