Starch Based Edible Film Development and Enriched with Mulberry (Morus alba) Bioactive Compound: An Experimental Study

Abstract

This study focuses on the development of starch-based edible films enriched with mulberry (Morus alba) bioactive compounds and their evaluation in terms of physicochemical, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. Potato starch was selected as the primary film-forming polymer because of its biodegradability and strong oxygen-barrier ability, while mulberry leaf extract was incorporated to enhance functional activity owing to its rich content of polyphenols and flavonoids. The films were characterised for thickness, solubility, folding endurance, antioxidant activity (DPPH assay), and antimicrobial activity using agar diffusion methods. The results indicated that the addition of mulberry extract significantly improved antioxidant capacity, provided moderate antimicrobial effects against foodborne pathogens, and enhanced barrier and mechanical properties compared with control starch films. Despite the inherent limitations of starch-based films, such as sensitivity to water and reduced mechanical strength, the incorporation of mulberry bioactives effectively addressed some of these challenges. Overall, the findings indicate that mulberry-enriched starch-based edible films can serve as an eco-friendly and functional alternative to petroleum-based plastics, offering both food-preservation benefits and environmental sustainability. This innovation has potential applications in extending the shelf life of perishable foods while responding to consumer demand for safe, biodegradable, and health-promoting packaging materials.