Formalization of Key Trends in Global Economic Security and Russia's Technological Sovereignty

Abstract

This article presents a comprehensive study of the evolution and current state of the concepts of economic security and technological sovereignty in a global context and in relation to the Russian Federation. The study is conducted during a period of fundamental transformation of the world order, characterized by intensified geopolitical competition, the fragmentation of international institutions, and the use of sanctions as an instrument of economic state policy. The paper systematizes modern interpretations of key concepts, analyzes the dynamics of key indicators of Russia's economic security over the period from 2014 to 2025, and proposes an integrated model for ensuring economic security that takes into account new global challenges. Special attention is paid to formalizing the concept of technological sovereignty as a structural element of national security in the context of technological competition. Based on an analysis of official documents, including Presidential Decree No. 339 of 2024, and current economic policy, priority areas for the development of the national economy have been identified.