Konsep Jihad dan Tahkim Al-Syariah Serta Pengaruhnya terhadap Pemikiran Jihadis Kontemporer di Indonesia

Abstract

This study aims to comparatively analyze the concepts of *jihad* and *taḥkīm al-sharī‘ah* (implementation of Sharia) in the exegeses of Abul A‘la Al-Maududi and Sayyid Qutb, and to identify the influence of their thought on contemporary jihadist discourse in Indonesia. Employing a qualitative method based on library research and a thematic-comparative exegetical approach, the study draws data from the primary exegetical works of both figures and relevant secondary literature. These data were analyzed using content analysis with a critical lens to uncover the ideological dimensions and socio-political contexts underpinning their interpretations. The findings reveal that while both figures view *jihad* as an integral part of Islamic teachings, they differ in their emphasis on meaning and practical orientation. Al-Maududi emphasizes a gradual, systemic, and institutional approach within the framework of an Islamic state, whereas Sayyid Qutb emphasizes an ideological approach that is more confrontational toward systems deemed *jāhiliyyah* (pre-Islamic ignorance). These differences demonstrate that the concepts of *jihad* and *taḥkīm al-sharī‘ah* are contextual, shaped by the respective social, political, and historical backgrounds of the exegetes. In the Indonesian context, the study finds that Al-Maududi’s thought has been more influential in political Islam discourse and efforts to formalize Sharia through institutional channels, while Sayyid Qutb’s thought has more strongly influenced ideological jihadist groups that emphasize the delegitimization of the state system. This indicates that the reception of both figures' ideas has been selective and adaptive, aligning with local social and ideological contexts. The study suggests the need for a contextual and critical approach to understanding the concept of *jihad* in exegesis, as well as the strengthening of religious literacy to prevent the oversimplification of meanings that could foster exclusivist attitudes.