Konsep Kebahagiaan dalam Al-Qur'an: Analisis Komparatif terhadap Filsafat Barat dan Filsafat Islam

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the concept of happiness in the Qur'an through a thematic interpretation (tafsîr mawḍû‘î) approach and compare it with the perspectives of Islamic and Western philosophy. This research employs a qualitative library research method using primary sources from Qur'anic verses related to happiness, supported by classical and contemporary Qur'anic commentaries, Hadith literature, works on Islamic philosophy, and other relevant scholarly references. The data were analyzed through the identification and classification of Qur'anic verses based on the concepts of al-farâḥ, al-falâḥ, and al-fawz, followed by interpretative analysis and conceptual synthesis. The findings reveal that the Qur'anic concept of happiness is holistic and transcendental, encompassing spiritual, moral, psychological, social, and eschatological dimensions. Al-farâḥ represents emotional happiness grounded in gratitude and moderation, al-falâḥ refers to success attained through faith, righteous deeds, and piety, while al-fawz denotes the highest form of happiness through attaining Allah's pleasure and eternal salvation in the Hereafter. These findings are consistent with the views of al-Fârâbî, al-Ghazâlî, and Ibn Miskawayh, who regarded happiness as the ultimate goal of human life through spiritual purification and moral excellence. Unlike Western perspectives that primarily emphasize rational, psychological, and moral aspects, the Qur'an presents happiness as the balance between worldly life and the Hereafter, culminating in Allah's pleasure and eternal success.