Examining the Effects of Flexible Work Arrangements and Work-Life Balance on Job Performance: The Role of Perceived Autonomy

Abstract

This research analyses the influence of flexible work arrangements (FWAs) and work-life balance (WLB) on job performance, with perceived autonomy as a mediating variable. As social conventions and family life evolve rapidly, a gap opens between traditional ways of working and the needs of today’s work force, resulting in greater stress and less enjoyment at work. This study intends to examine the relationship between flexible work arrangements, work-life balance and job performance among employees in terms of their perceptions of autonomy in the Malaysian corporate world. The study used a quantitative research method and was conducted on a sample of 94 employees from Cooperative Development Group, ANGKASA, Selangor. The data were collected by structured questionnaires adapted from reliable sources and were analysed through SmartPLS for descriptive and inferential statistics. The sample was selected by purposive sampling to ensure that the sample was truly representative of the attributes of the target population. The reliability and validity of the variables related to the important features of FWAs, WLB, perceived autonomy, and work performance were assessed using Cronbach’s Alpha and composite reliability. The results showed a significant positive association between flexible work arrangements, work-life balance, and job performance, with perceived autonomy functioning as a mediator. Those who support greater autonomy in their work environment also report better job performance and greater job satisfaction. Flexible work options and programs that promote work-life balance improved absenteeism, employee attrition and productivity. Findings such as these demonstrate the significance of flexible work rules in creating a supportive and self-reliant work environment, and in enhancing organisational performance and worker health. The study contributes to the growing literature on workplace flexibility by demonstrating the mediating role of perceived autonomy in enhancing employee job performance and provides practical implications for organizations seeking to improve employee well-being and organizational effectiveness.