Project-Based Learning in Teaching Social Studies in Higher Education Institution: A Narrative Inquiry

Abstract

This study explores the experiences of Social Studies teachers in using Project Based Learning (PBL) in higher education institutions during Academic Year 2023–2024 as a basis for developing an instructional guide. Guided by an interpretative qualitative research approach, the study sought to answer two central concerns: (1) the stories teachers tell about how they use PBL in teaching Social Studies, and (2) the similarities and differences observed in PBL teaching among Social Studies teachers. Data were gathered through semi structured interviews with six Social Studies teachers from the College of Arts and Sciences at the University of the Visayas and were analyzed using thematic analysis. Findings revealed that teachers commonly use PBL to bridge theory and society, promote active participation and collaboration, and implement instruction through intentional planning and reflective practice. While teachers shared a common pedagogical foundation grounded in student centered and real world learning, differences in implementation emerged due to personal teaching pathways and contextual factors such as class size, subject matter, student readiness, institutional support, and available resources. Despite these variations, strong departmental alignment and shared curricular expectations contributed to consistency in PBL practices across the institution. The study concludes that Project Based Learning in Social Studies is both a shared and adaptive instructional practice anchored in common principles yet responsive to diverse teaching contexts. Based on these findings, the study recommends sustained professional development, strengthened institutional support, and the development of a flexible instructional guide that builds on teachers’ lived experiences. Future research may extend this inquiry by examining students’ perspectives and the long term impacts of PBL on learning outcomes in higher education.