Strengthening Employee Performance in Community Health Centers: The Influence of Non-Physical Work Environment, Quality of Work Life, and Affective Commitment

Abstract

Employee performance in public healthcare remains a critical issue, yet limited research explains how psychosocial workplace factors jointly influence performance in primary health services. While prior studies have examined workplace psychological conditions and quality of work life separately, this study integrates both within a single mediational model by positioning affective commitment as a key explanatory mechanism, addressing a gap in the human resource management literature in the underexplored context of Community Health Centers in the East Banjarmasin District, Indonesia. This study uses a cross-sectional quantitative design with a census sampling technique, including all 209 employees as the research sample. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling to assess measurement and structural relationships. The findings indicate that workplace psychological conditions and quality of work life enhance affective commitment and employee performance, with affective commitment partially mediating these relationships. The study validates an integrated psychosocial work environment and commitment framework and provides practical guidance for strengthening public health service delivery through improved workplace conditions and employee well-being. Keywords: affective commitment, employee performance, non-physical work environment, quality of work life