Phase 1/1b open-label, first-in-human study of HER2×CD3×CD28 trispecific T-cell engager (SAR443216) in participants with R/R HER2-expressing solid tumors

Abstract

Abstract Background SAR443216 is an engineered human trispecific antibody that targets human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive (HER2+) cancer cells and activates T cells via co-engagement of cluster of differentiation (CD)3 and CD28. This first-in-human, dose-escalation study evaluated the safety, efficacy, pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics of SAR443216 in participants with relapsed/refractory (R/R) HER2-expressing solid tumors. Methods In this multicenter, open-label, non-randomized Phase 1 study (NCT05013554), SAR443216 was administered intravenously at dose levels (DLs) of 18–900 µg. Dose escalation occurred within participants using intraparticipant lead-in dosing (2-week and 3-week lead-in cohorts). The primary objective was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD); secondary objectives included PK, immunogenicity, and preliminary clinical activity. Results 40 participants (n≥3 at each DL) were treated with SAR443216. The median treatment duration was ~8 weeks in both 2-week and 3-week lead-in cohorts. Nearly all participants (97.5%) had at least one treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE), of which 45% were grade ≥3. Most frequent TEAEs were cytokine release syndrome (CRS, 50%), fever (35%), alanine aminotransferase elevation (32.5%), aspartate aminotransferase elevation (27.5%), and infusion-related reactions (IRRs, 27.5%). No severe CRS, IRRs, fever, or pulmonary and cardiac toxicities were observed. Disease control rates were 34.5% in the 2-week and 36.4% in the 3-week lead-in cohorts. Average duration of disease stabilization was 10.48 weeks. Median follow-up time was 3.43 weeks. No objective responses were observed. The MTD was not reached. Dose-dependent PK showed overall consistent PK profiles across DLs. SAR443216 induced serum proinflammatory cytokines and increased multiple T-cell activation markers in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, indicating T-cell activation and target engagement. However, no clear trend in T-cell abundance or activation was observed among tumor-infiltrating T cells or other immune cells. Conclusion These findings indicate that SAR443216 treatment is feasible and well tolerated in participants with R/R HER2+solid tumors. Further evaluation is warranted to fully characterize the efficacy and safety of SAR443216. Trial registration number NCT05013554.