Stem Cell Gene Editing: A Comprehensive Review of Innovations, Clinical Applications, and Ethical Horizons

Abstract

ABSTRACT- The days since humanity has had mortality bought by old age and disease, discussion of extending life with inventions in biology and health sciences, have always had a major place in scientific and medical fields. Although a novel idea, in the past few decades, there has been an upsurge of Stem Cell therapies and Gene Editing talks in the developmental stages, and many have already been employed with success. Stem cells have shown promising aspects in cell regeneration and tissue repair, however, the generation of complete and complex internal organs and organ systems, outside the body is still in the works. Gene editing is another highly effective scientific resource which has shown the possibilities of modifying and altering the gene at the molecular level. The CRISPR- Cas systems, along with many others, are of significance due to their ability of targeted gene modification in the Genomic DNA of a variety of organisms, amongst which, it has proved especially useful in the disease therapy and treatment. Gene Editing and Stem Cell Technologies together have provided us with a much stronger chance of disease treatment and gene targeting, than we have ever had before, therefore creating new possibilities for studying genetic diseases and developing potential cell-based therapies. This review highlights recent advances in stem cell and gene-editing technologies, emphasizing their integration, therapeutic potential, current challenges, and future prospects in personalized and regenerative medicine.