An innovative approach of Project-based learning Applied to the teaching of biochemistry

Abstract

Most of the research in biochemistry education describes approaches that include teaching with constructivist ideas, since the approach with lectures has been criticized for promoting superficial learning. Thus, biochemistry learning should not only achieve proficiency of knowledge but also critical thinking skills and the interconnection of knowledges. Although Case-Based Learning is the most frequent methodology, Project-Based Active Learning, using individual and collective strengths, has received attention in recent years. With the aim of encouraging learning through doing, experimenting, problem-solving, teamwork, developing social skills, understanding, collaboration, partnership, and responsibility, the activity "Projeto de Divulgação Científica" has been implemented in the Integrated Biochemistry course of different undergraduate programs at Universidade Federal de São Paulo, since the pandemic. The students divide themselves into groups and the development of skills such as selection of bibliography, collaboration, communication, contextualization are their responsibility since the students are free to choose the project theme and conduct. In 2023 the overall failure rate in the course was 10% lower when compared to 2018 rates, before the project’s implementation. Additionally, a shift was observed over the years in the diversity of presentation formats. Initially, 28 out of 50 presentations were in pamphlet form. Recently, there has been a significant increase in the use of Instagram and videos, including TikTok, probably due to this generation's greater interest in social media. It can be concluded that both active student participation in the Projeto de Divulgação Científica activity and the increase in the number of extensionist students in the Instagram Project reflect the acceptance of this activity by undergraduate students as a form of learning and scientific literacy development. Furthermore, this approach has increased students' interest in biochemistry and scientific outreach, as indicated by the growing number of followers of the Scientific Outreach page (@bioquimatch_unifesp). This methodology has contributed to more effectively integrating students into the discipline and covering all topics discussed throughout the semester, thereby fostering increased interest among both students and the general population in science.