Analysis of the epidemiological situation regarding tuberculosis among children and adolescents in the Irkutsk Region (2020–2024)
TL;DR
A decline in TB incidence and prevalence is observed across all age groups in the Irkutsk Region, alongside uneven coverage of immunodiagnostics and fluorographic screening, as well as in TB mortality rates.
Abstract
Objective. To classify the municipalities of Irkutsk Region based on the level of tuberculosis (TB) epidemiological situation in children and adolescents. Materials and м ethods. An assessment of clinical-epidemiological indicators of TB was conducted in 33 municipalities of Irkutsk Region in children, adolescents and adult, using data from forms No. 8 and No. 33 of the Federal Statistical Observation for 2020–2024, employing cluster analysis. Results. A decline in TB incidence and prevalence is observed across all age groups in the Irkutsk Region, alongside uneven coverage of immunodiagnostics and fluorographic screening. Three groups of medical organizations in the Irkutsk Region were identified, differing in the incidence rates among children (p = 0.02) and the adult population (p < 0.001), including cases involving bacterial excretion (p < 0.001), lung destruction (p < 0.001), and fibro-cavernous TB (p < 0.001), as well as in TB mortality rates (p = 0.02). Differences were also noted regarding the proportion of children who completed a course of chemoprophylaxis (p = 0.04) and the average number of contacts identified at infection foci (p = 0.04).