HCCDs exhibited antibacterial, antibiofilm, biocompatible, and wound-healing properties, highlighting their potential for dental nanomedicine and the treatment of oral biofilm-associated infections.
Abstract
Background: Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) plays a major role in dental biofilm-related infections and contributes to antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, the development of biocompatible nanomaterials with antibacterial, antibiofilm, and regenerative properties is important for dental applications. Methods: In this study, hyaluronic acid and clove extract were used as natural precursors to synthesize hyaluronic acid-clove carbon dots (HCCDs) through a hydrothermal method. The synthesized HCCDs were characterized by XRD, FTIR, TEM, SEM, SAED and EDAX analysis. The antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against S. mutans were tested. Cell viability tests, AO/PI staining, morphological observation and wound-healing assays were used to evaluate cytocompatibility in MG-63 cells. Results: A broad peak (23.449) observed from XRD coincided with an amorphous graphitic carbon structure. TEM images showed the presence of a spherical nanostructure with an average size of 4 ± 2 nm. The FTIR result verified the presence of hydroxyl, carbonyl and oxygen-containing functional groups on the HCCD surface. Their synthesized HCCDs exhibited noteworthy antibacterial and antibiofilm activity with an MIC of 62.5 µg/mL against the S. mutans. Low toxicity toward MG-63 cells was observed, with 86% cell viability at 200 µg/mL in the cytocompatibility study. Additional good cellular compatibility was confirmed using AO/PI staining and morphological analysis. Furthermore, normal cell migration was observed, as wound healing assays showed no significant difference in closure between the treated and control groups. Conclusion: HCCDs exhibited antibacterial, antibiofilm, biocompatible, and wound-healing properties, highlighting their potential for dental nanomedicine and the treatment of oral biofilm-associated infections.
The bamboo shell-derived HAp/Alg composite produced at pH 10 was a potential candidate for localized antibacterial drug delivery systems in biomedical applications and carried clindamycin efficiently carried on the composite matrix and released in a sustained manner.
Wulandari Wulandari, N. Jamarun, D. V. Wellia et al.· Baghdad Science Journal· 0 citations
The reduction in microbial adhesion, coupled with enhanced osteoblast attachment, suggests a synergistic effect that may increase the success rate of implant integration at an early stage.
Bartosz Mielan, M. Pajączkowska, Joanna Nowicka et al.· International Journal of Mol...· 0 citations
The widespread use of plastic-based medical materials, such as bandages, syringes, and biomedical packaging, has led to serious health problems owing to their inappropriate disposal and non-biodegradability. This study focused on the fabrication and characterization of potato-starch-based films infused with amoxicillin-loaded CuONPs (AMX-CuONPs) for biomedical applications. CuONPs were synthesized using Bacopa monnieri leaf extract, which was functionalized with amoxicillin. The properties of the bio-nanocomposite films were characterized morphologically (SEM and EDX), mechanically (tensile strength and elongation at break), structurally (XRD and FTIR), and for biodegradability and antimicrobial activity. The AMX-CuONPs bio-nanocomposite film (AC-BF) exhibited a thickness of 0.69 mm, density of 1.33 g/cm3, tensile strength of 0.63 MPa, and the highest elongation break of 49%. XRD analysis revealed the amorphous nature of the film, while FTIR analysis revealed the functional groups such as C-H, O-H, C = O, C = C, and Cu-O, indicating AMX-CuONPs integration into the starch-based films. SEM analysis showed homogeneity and particles embedded on the surface of AC-BF. Furthermore, AC-BF showed rapid biodegradation within 35 days, whereas the maximum zone of inhibition was observed in Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) and non-AMR bacterial strains. These results suggest the potential of these materials for biomedical packaging, wound healing bandages, and patch applications.
Avani Thakkar, T. Darji, G. Priyadarshi et al.· Discover Materials· 0 citations
Introduction: Chronic wounds are a major global health concern because their slow healing increases the risk of infection. Conventional dressings often fail to provide both effective antibacterial protection and optimal moisture control. Electrospun nanofibre membranes, with porous structures that resemble the extracellular matrix, offer a promising alternative. Curcuma xanthorrhiza, a traditional Southeast Asian rhizome, is rich in bioactive compounds such as curcumin and xanthorrhizol, which are known for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties. Methods: In this study, coaxial electrospinning was used to create core–shell nanofibre membranes, featuring polycaprolactone as the core and a gelatine/chitosan blend as the shell. Curcuma extract was incorporated at 1% (w/w) into the core. The resulting fibres were examined for their morphology, chemical composition, and thermal stability using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Antibacterial activity was tested against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli using the disc diffusion method. Results and Discussion: Nanofibres loaded with Curcuma extract were smooth, continuous, and nanoscale in diameter, while fibres without extract were thicker due to a higher polymer concentration. The average fibre diameter ranged from 120.3 to 284.2 nm. Chemical analysis confirmed successful incorporation of the extract, with characteristic functional groups preserved and clear interactions between the polymers and bioactive compounds. Thermal analysis showed the fibres were stable up to 300°C. Antibacterial testing of C. xanthorrhiza-loaded nanofibres demonstrated no activity against S. aureus (0 mm) and E. coli (0 mm). Conclusion: In this study, C. xanthorrhiza-loaded nanofibres exhibit promising physical and chemical properties in their formulation. While the antibacterial activity was limited at the current tested concentration, it is suggested that the loading capacity of the extract be increased.
Muhammad Taher, Rafiqa Maisara Mohamad Rosly, J. Khotib· The Journal of pharmacy· 0 citations
Osteomyelitis and osteosarcoma are challenging bone disorders requiring biomaterials to combat bacterial colonization and suppress tumor cell proliferation. Hydroxyapatite (HAP) is a benchmark bone material but lacks anti-bacterial activity and ability to induce apoptosis. Ferulic acid (FA) was incorporated into HAP via ultrasonic-assisted hydrothermal synthesis as a chelating agent and bioactive modifier. The synthesized HAP–FA nanocomposite was characterized using various physicochemical techniques. It exhibited significant anti-bacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, achieving a 1-log reduction in colony-forming units, along with moderate antioxidant potential. MTT assay results in MG-63 osteosarcoma cells, the nanocomposite induced complete cell death at 100 μg/mL with an IC50 of 47.82 μg/mL. In contrast, MC3T3 pre-osteoblast cells maintained 93% viability at 200 μg/mL, demonstrating good biocompatibility. Annexin V-FITC/PI flow cytometric result confirmed early apoptosis (49.23%) with minimal necrosis (0.19%), indicating apoptotic pathway activation. Hence, HAP–FA nanocomposite represents a promising candidate for osteomyelitis prevention and osteosarcoma suppression.
K. Santhiya, J. Indira, M. S. Veni et al.· Journal of Materials Researc...· 0 citations
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an important opportunistic pathogen responsible for nosocomial infections, poses a threat in clinical care. Metal-metal oxide nanocomposites have been developed as antibacterial agents due to their synergistic effects. In this study, zinc oxide-silver nanocomposites (ZnO–AgNCs) were synthesized using Manihot esculenta leaf extract as a bioreductant, with extract concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15% (v/v) and AgNO₃ concentrations of 6 and 8 mM. The samples were characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, PSA, SEM-EDX, and their antibacterial activity was tested using the disk diffusion method. The best formulation was obtained for ZnO–AgNCs with 5% extract + 8 mM AgNO₃, which exhibited an SPR peak at 331 nm and an average particle size of 48.04 nm. SEM-EDX revealed an irregular and agglomerated morphology and confirmed the presence of Zn, O, and Ag. The nanocomposite showed strong antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa with an inhibition zone of 15.83±0.64 mm. These findings highlight its potential for further development in infection control, particularly in medical applications. This study supports the Sustainable Development Goal (SDGs) on Good Health and Well-being (No. 3) through the development of antibacterial materials.
Wardah Radhwa Hafizhah, Ari Susilowati, A. Pangastuti et al.· Biosaintifika: Journal of Bi...· 0 citations