Aug 2026· World journal of urology· Vol 44· 0 citations· 112 references
Medicine
TL;DR
The multifaceted regulatory networks of non-coding RNAs in renal cell carcinoma are delineated and their therapeutic relevance and translational potential are critically assessed to critically assess their therapeutic relevance and translational potential in precision oncology.
New emphasis is placed on emerging evidence demonstrating how immunophenotype-related lncRNAs regulate immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint signaling, and the immunosuppressive glioblastoma microenvironment, highlighting their potential to improve patient stratification and guide immunotherapeutic approaches.
N. Elemam, Jana H. Sweillam, Youssef A. El-Sherif et al.· Frontiers in Immunology· 1 citation
This review systematically explores the molecular mechanisms underlying the interactions between non-coding RNAs and alternative splicing events, highlighting the role of this regulatory network in modulating the expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in HCC.
This review examines how different types of ncRNAs contribute to cancer initiation, progression, and treatment resistance, and assesses their potential as diagnostic markers, prognostic factors, and therapeutic targets.
Akanksha Samuel, G. Calin· Carcinogenesis· 0 citations
Metastasis and therapeutic resistance remain the principal causes of cancer-related mortality, reflecting the failure of current therapies to eradicate disseminated and treatment-refractory tumor cells. Long non-coding RNAs, once considered transcriptional noise, have now emerged as pivotal regulators of cancer progression, acting through diverse mechanisms to modulate signaling pathways, transcriptional programs, tumor metabolism, and the tumor microenvironment. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that lncRNAs orchestrate epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metabolic reprogramming, and immune evasion, thereby enabling metastatic dissemination and fostering resistance to chemotherapy. Moreover, recent discoveries have revealed that certain lncRNAs can encode functional micropeptides, further expanding their biological and therapeutic relevance. In this review, we systematically summarize current advances in lncRNA-mediated regulation of cancer metastasis and drug resistance, with particular emphasis on their roles in oncogenic signaling cascades, transcriptional control, immune cell reprogramming, and metabolic remodeling. we also discuss emerging therapeutic strategies targeting lncRNAs, including antisense oligonucleotides, CRISPR-based approaches, and lncRNA-encoded micropeptides interventions. Finally, we highlight key challenges, including context-dependent lncRNA functions, tumor heterogeneity, delivery, off-target effects, and biomarker standardization, and discuss multi-omics, single-cell, and spatial approaches may facilitate the translation of lncRNA biology into precision oncology.
Dong Liang, Jing-Wen Zheng, Zheng-Dan Gao et al.· Biochimica et biophysica act...· 0 citations
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and are usually driven by activating mutations in KIT or PDGFRA. Although these alterations define the core molecular biology of GISTs and guide targeted therapy, they do not fully explain the variability observed in tumor behavior, recurrence risk, or response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), have been increasingly studied as regulators of gene expression in GISTs. Recent evidence suggests that these molecules may influence KIT-centered signaling, autophagy, apoptosis, invasion, angiogenesis, and drug resistance. However, the strength of evidence differs considerably across individual ncRNAs, ranging from bioinformatic associations to functional validation in cell lines and in vivo models. This review summarizes current knowledge on ncRNA-mediated regulation in GIST biology, with emphasis on tumor progression, therapeutic resistance, and possible clinical relevance. Rather than treating ncRNAs as isolated biomarkers, they function as part of broader regulatory networks that interact with oncogenic signaling and epigenetic mechanisms. Although several ncRNAs appear promising as prognostic or predictive candidates, further validation in independent clinical cohorts is required before their integration into routine risk stratification or treatment decision-making.
Georgios Mandrakis, Stavros P. Papadakos, Georgia Levidou et al.· International Journal of Mol...· 0 citations
Liquid biopsy is now an established component of precision oncology, and its clinical implementation to date has been led by cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) assays. These assays report genomic alterations, yet they may be limited by low tumor fraction, reduced shedding in early disease, and incomplete representation of dynamic tumor biology. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and emerging small or poorly annotated RNA species, provide a complementary layer because they can reflect regulatory programs, tissue injury, immune modulation, metastatic communication, and therapeutic pressure. This review explores circulating and extracellular vesicle (EV)-associated ncRNAs as functional readouts in cancer liquid biopsy. We discuss their biological origin, carrier state, biofluid context, clinical applications, analytical technologies, artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted integration, standardization barriers, and regulatory requirements. The technology discussion considers sequencing, targeted amplification, and emerging direct or polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-free strategies as complementary translational routes for reliable ncRNA measurement. We propose that ncRNAs should not be viewed as alternatives to ctDNA, but as potential functional biomarkers that can link tumor genotype, regulatory state, and clinical phenotype within integrated multi-analyte precision oncology.
