USE OF WEIGHT-BEARING COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN KNEE DISORDERS: A SCOPING REVIEW

Comparison of Ultrasonographic and Radiographic Findings in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Cross-sectional Study

USG provides improved detection of osteophytes and offers additional information on soft-tissue and early structural changes in knee OA and serves as a valuable, accessible adjunct to conventional radiography for comprehensive evaluation and early diagnosis of knee OA.

MRI-Based Retrospective Analysis of Knee Joint Injuries: Patterns and Prevalence

MRI provides a detailed evaluation of knee injuries, aiding diagnosis and management, and MRI detection of associated abnormalities helps guide treatment and improve patient outcomes.

Management of anterior shoulder instability in patients aged 40 or above: a systematic review

Background: Anterior shoulder instability (ASI) is a common shoulder condition, with considerable research focused on outcomes and surgical interventions in younger adults. Existing literature suggests that treatment planning for older adults with ASI may require unique considerations due to differences in underlying pathology and injury complication rates. Objective: The purpose of this review was to systematically evaluate and synthesize the literature on ASI in patients with first-time dislocations at 40 years or older regarding injury characterization, treatment modalities, and clinical outcomes. Methods: Three databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase) were searched. Primary studies were included if they investigated operative or non-operative management of ASI in patients with first-time dislocation at 40 years or older. Studies were quality-assessed using the MINORS criteria. Data was extracted and compiled in a spreadsheet designed a priori. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate results. Results: Ten primary studies were included with 541 patients (541 shoulders), of which 315 were managed non-operatively and 226 were managed operatively. Seven studies included only patients with primary traumatic ASI, whereas three studies included patients with recurrent ASI. The most common operative procedures were rotator cuff repair (n=182), Bankart repair (n=29), and reverse shoulder arthroplasty (n=10). The rate of post-operative recurrent instability was 8.2%. The most common concomitant injuries included rotator cuff tears (53.5%), Hills-Sachs lesions (46.7%), and glenoid bone defects (8.0%). Reported range of motion and patient-reported outcome measures varied across interventions, but significant positive outcomes were demonstrated in both non-operative and operative cohorts. Conclusions: ASI in older adults is frequently associated with concomitant injuries which may be more amenable to surgical management, often leading to favourable outcomes. Future prospective, comparative studies using standardized outcome measures are needed to better define optimal management strategies in this age group.

Knee Bracing after Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review of Protocols and Postoperative Outcomes

Abstract Medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFLr) is the most common procedure performed for recurrent patellar instability. Although the benefits of MPFLr are well-established, postoperative bracing protocols remain highly variable and poorly characterized in the current literature. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of bracing by sports medicine surgeons for patients following MPFLr. Randomized controlled trials, prospective, and retrospective studies of patellar instability treated with MPFLr were identified across three databases: EMBASE (Elsevier), Medline (OVID), and SportDiscus with Full Text (EBSCOHost). Study quality was assessed using established risk of bias tools; several studies demonstrated moderate risk of bias due to nonrandom selection of intervention groups and variability in rehabilitation. Data collected included functional outcomes and rates of redislocation or subluxation. Of 521 studies identified, 112 duplicates were removed. Abstracts of 409 studies were reviewed, with 348 excluded for relevance. Full-text review of 61 studies yielded seven meeting inclusion criteria, all of which included postoperative rehabilitation protocols. Five studies (71.4%) used knee braces postoperatively, and two (28.6%) compared postoperative bracing to no bracing. Four studies (57.1%) reported using a hinged knee brace and two (28.6%) used a knee immobilizer. Six of seven studies (85.7%) braced patients for up to 6 weeks postoperatively. Postoperative instability events were reported in six studies (85.7%), collectively encompassing 650 knees. Bracing was applied to 533 knees, of which 25 (4.7%) experienced at least one instability event, compared with 1 of 117 nonbraced knees (0.9%). There was no statistically significant difference in instability events between groups (χ 2 [1, N  = 650] = 3.68, p  = 0.055). Most sports medicine surgeons brace patients for up to 6 weeks following MPFLr. Bracing protocols are widely variable, and current studies exhibit marked heterogeneity in reporting of postoperative outcomes. Further research is needed to determine the optimal postoperative rehabilitation protocol, including the use of a hinged knee brace, following MPFLr.

Analysis of the clinical and MRI characteristics associated with tennis leg.

A systematic review of current evidence on clinical outcomes of lumbar roll and modified SIMS manipulation techniques in sacroiliac joint dysfunction

ABSTRACT Introduction: The lumbar roll and modified SIMS are two common manipulation techniques used in clinical practice for sacroiliac joint dysfunction (SIJD), a common cause of low back and pelvic pain. However, there hasn’t been clear evidence of these methods’ relative clinical efficacy in recent literature. Methods: This review was registered in PROSPERO (Reg. No. CRD420251253094) and adhered to PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Studies published between January 2021 and December 2025 were found through a search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, PEDro, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar (first 200 results). Randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental trials, and controlled clinical studies evaluating lumbar roll or modified SIMS manipulation in adults with SIJD using imaging-assisted criteria or validated provocation tests were all considered eligible. Screening, data extraction, and risk-of-bias assessment (RoB-2 and ROBINS-I) were carried out independently by two reviewers. Results: Nine of the 1,264 records that were found satisfied the requirements for inclusion. The number of participants in the sample varied from 30 to 90. Following manipulation, the majority of trials reported significant short-term reductions in pain (VAS/NPRS) and disability (ODI/functional measures), with lumbar roll and modified SIMS demonstrating similar clinical benefit. Improvements in pelvic alignment and mobility have been documented in several studies. There were a few transient adverse events, and no significant complications were noted. Conclusion: Although more high-quality trials are required to confirm long-term efficacy and ideal treatment protocols, lumbar roll and modified SIMS manipulation techniques consistently show short-term clinical benefits for SIJD. However, due to the absence of direct head-to-head comparisons and reliance on indirect classification of techniques, these findings should be interpreted as exploratory rather than definitive.