AI literacy as an extension of digital literacy: A conceptual framework for knowledge work in AI-enabled organizations

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly embedded in organizational information environments, reshaping how knowledge is created, interpreted, and applied. As AI systems become active participants in organizational information processes, employees are required not only to operate digital technologies but also to interpret algorithmic outputs and collaborate effectively with intelligent systems. While prior research has extensively examined digital literacy, human–AI collaboration, and AI literacy, these streams of literature remain largely fragmented, providing limited conceptual integration regarding the competencies required for knowledge work in AI-enabled organizations. This study develops a conceptual framework that positions AI literacy as an extension of digital literacy within contemporary knowledge work environments. Drawing on human capital theory and sociotechnical systems theory, the paper explains how digital literacy provides foundational capabilities for navigating digital infrastructures, while AI literacy enables employees to critically evaluate algorithmic outputs and collaborate effectively with AI systems. The framework further proposes that human–AI collaboration acts as a key mechanism through which digital and AI-related competencies enhance knowledge work outcomes. The study contributes to the literature in three ways. First, it integrates fragmented research on digital literacy, AI literacy, and knowledge work into a unified conceptual perspective. Second, it reconceptualizes AI literacy as an emerging capability that extends digital literacy in AI-mediated organizational environments. Third, it proposes a theoretical framework explaining how human capabilities interact with intelligent technologies to support knowledge creation, decision-making, and organizational learning. By highlighting AI literacy as a strategic organizational capability, this study provides implications for information professionals and managers seeking to develop human competencies required for effective human–AI collaboration. The framework also provides a foundation for future empirical research examining how AI-related competencies influence knowledge work performance in digitally transformed organizations.