A Recent Review on Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L) as a Multifunction Medicinal Plant; Phytochemistry, Pharmacology an Pharmaceutical Formulations
TL;DR
Current knowledge on sea buckthorn's phytochemistry, pharmacokinetics, pharmacological activities, clinical evidence, and pharmaceutical applications are consolidated, providing insights into its therapeutic potential and future research directions.
Abstract
Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) is a nutrient-dense plant widely recognized for its rich content of vitamins, flavonoids, carotenoids, and unsaturated fatty acids. Extensive research over the past decade has highlighted its diverse pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, wound-healing, cardioprotective, and anticancer activities. Despite its promising therapeutic potential, the oral bioavailability of many bioactive constituents is limited due topoor solubility, rapid metabolism, and first-pass hepatic effects. Recent advancements in formulation strategies, such as nanoemulsions, liposomes, and phytosome complexes, have significantly improved the absorption and systemic availability of these compounds. Additionally, sea buckthorn finds widespread application in cosmeceuticals, nutraceuticals, and functional foods. This review consolidates current knowledge on its phytochemistry, pharmacokinetics, pharmacological activities, clinical evidence, and pharmaceutical applications, providing insights into its therapeutic potential and future research directions.